The Efficacies of 3,4,3-LIHOPO and DTPA for Enhancing the Excretion of Plutonium and Americium from the Rat: Comparison with Other Siderophore Analogues

Abstract

With DTPA as a comparison, the siderophore analogue code named 3,4,3-LIHOPO has been tested for its ability to remove 238Pu and 241Am from rats after their inhalation or intravenous injection as nitrate. The most effective treatment regimen for inhaled Pu was the repeated administration of 30 mumol kg-1 3,4,3-LIHOPO. By 7 days after exposure, the Pu contents of the lungs and total body were reduced respectively to 2 and 4% of those in untreated animals. These values were six and three times less than when DTPA was administered using the same protocol. For inhaled Am, 3,4,3-LIHOPO and DTPA were considered equally effective, the lung and total body contents being reduced respectively to 13 and 10% of those in controls. Some animals showed slight degenerative changes in the liver and proximal tubules of the kidneys after the repeated administration of 30 mumol kg-1 of 3,4,3-LIHOPO; however these changes were less marked than after DTPA treatment. After the intravenous injection of Pu, the most effective regimen was the single administration of 3 mumol kg-1 3,4,3-LIHOPO. The body content at 7 days was reduced to 7% controls compared with 19% after the repeated administration of 30 mumol kg-1 DTPA. At a dosage of 30 mumol kg-1, 3,4,3-LIHOPO was less effective owing to the higher retention of Pu in the liver. With repeated dosages of 30 mumol kg-1 3,4,3-LIHOPO was more effective than DTPA for the decorporation of Am; the body contents were 16 and 31% of those in controls respectively. Importantly, the body content was still reduced to 28% of control after a single administration of 3 mumol kg-1. The ligand 3,4,3-LIHOPO, which is also superior to other siderophore analogues, could represent a most significant development in the decorporation of Pu and Am.

Chelating Agents Used for Plutonium and Uranium Removal in Radiation Emergency Medicine

“…Many chelating agents such as 3,4,3-LIHOPO [19,[34][35][36], Tiron [37,38], ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-bisphosphonate (EHBP) [39][40][41]46], deferiprone (L1) 1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypyrid-4-one [42], DTPA [43], CBMIDA [44] and 1,2-diamino cyclohexyl-tetramethylenetetraphosphonate (CTTP) [45] have been examined for the removal of uranium (Table 4). Although DPTA is often said that it can remove uranium from the body, its effectiveness remains unclear…”

Beyond Biological Chelation: Coordination of f‐Block Elements by Polyhydroxamate Ligands

“…[76] The authors also compared their data to IV. As can be seen in Table 2, VI formed slightly stronger com- [85] (II) EDTPHA, [69] (III) DHA, [70] (IV) no abbreviation given, [72] (V) no abbreviation given, [72] (VI) H 4 CDTMAHA, [76] (VII) CYTROX, [74] (VIII) 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO), [82][83][84]86] (IX) Calix(HYD) 4 , [80] (X) TAM(HOPO) 2 , [79] (XI) BAMPTH, [50,70,71] (XII) no abbreviation given. [87] plexes with Fe III and Th IV than IV,t hough they were comparable in selectivity.…”

“…[81] This compound was compared with other multidentate hydroxamic acid ligands, such as 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) (VIII,F igure 3) and the dihydroxamate DTPAd erivative, DTPA-DX. [82][83][84] All of these ligands were studied for their effectiveness at the removal of Pu-238 and Am-241a fter inhalation and injection contamination routes. These ligandsw erea lso directly compared with the effectiveness of DTPA, the standard treatment for the removalo fP u IV and Am III .…”

Early Chelation Therapy for Injected Pu-238 and Am-241 in the Rat: Comparison of 3,4,3-LIHOPO, DFO-HOPO, DTPA-DX, DTPA and DFOA

“…In experiments with Pu-238 and Am-241 in the rat (Stradling et al 1991) the repeated administration of DFO-HOPO was more effective than DTPA for injected Pu-238 but less effective after inhalation of Pu-238. On the other hand, 3,4,3-LIHOPO proved to be the most effective agent for both Pu-238 and Am-241 (Stradling et al 1992) . DFO-HOPO was ineffective for removal of Am-241 .…”