The efficacy and safety of adding on or switching to peginterferon α‐2b in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients with long‐term entecavir treatment: a multicentre randomised controlled trial

Hu, Qiankun; Qi, Xun; Yu, Yiqi; Gao, Yueqiu; Zhang, Xinxin; Wang, Qianqian; Zhang, Xueyun; Zhuo, Yunhui; Li, Jing; Zhang, Jiming; Chen, Liang; Huang, Yuxian

doi:10.1111/apt.17222

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Secondly, as mentioned in the former that the actual mechanism of CXCL13 _rs76084459 in relation to PegIFNα treatment response has not been revealed in this study, which is warranted to be further investigated in the future. Thirdly, some researchers have found that various strategies combining NUCs and PegIFNα may increase the rate of HBsAg loss, 39–41 but in this article, most of the patients in Cohort 1 and all the patients in Cohort 2 received PegIFNα monotherapy, only a small part of patients in Cohort 1 received PegIFNα along with NUCs therapy (arm D, n = 57), it is insufficient to assess whether the HBsAg loss rate affected by treatment strategies or CXCL13 _rs76084459 genotypes since only a few patients reached HBsAg loss at the end of follow‐up. However, we found that not only in patients received PegIFNα monotherapy (arm A, B, and C) but also in patients received PegIFNα along with NUCs therapy (arm D), the CR rates were constantly higher in patients with the GT/TT genotype than those in patients with the GG genotype at week 72, though the difference did not reach significant level due to the relatively small sample size in every subgroups of Cohort 1 (Figure ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…It should be pointed out that, though HBsAg loss is an ideal efficacy endpoint for assessment of HBV treatment, there were only a few patients in the two PegIFNα cohorts of our study achieved the loss of HBsAg and the sample size is insufficient to analyze the relationship between CXCL13_rs76084459 and HBsAg loss. We believe that more patients enrolled in the future will help the evaluation of this indicator.HBsAg loss,[39][40][41] but in this article, most of the patients in Cohort 1 and all the patients in Cohort 2 received PegIFNα monotherapy, only a small part of patients in Cohort 1 received PegIFNα along with NUCs therapy (arm D, n = 57), it is insufficient to assess whether the HBsAg loss rate affected by treatment strategies or CXCL13_rs76084459 genotypes since only a few patients reached HBsAg loss at the end of follow-up. T A B L E 4 a Baseline level.b…”

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confidence: 89%

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CXCL13 variant predicts pegylated‐interferon α treatment response in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients

Luo

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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As a key immune cytokine, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) has been reported to play critical roles in immune control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.We aimed to screen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CXCL13 for predicting response to pegylated interferon-alpha (PegIFNα) therapy of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Two independent cohorts with a total of 945 (Cohort 1, n = 238; Cohort 2, n = 707) hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive CHB patients treated with PegIFNα were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Eight candidate SNPs were selected through gene-wide SNP mining within or flanking CXCL13. A polygenic score (PGS) was utilized to assess the cumulative effects of multiple SNPs. The associations of candidate SNPs and PGS with combined response (CR, defined as the combination of HBeAg seroconversion and HBV DNA level <3.3log 10 IU/mL) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) level were evaluated. Among the eight candidate SNPs, rs76084459 which is located at upstream of CXCL13 was significantly associated with both CR (p = 0.002) and HBsAg level (p = 0.015). A PGS integrating CXCL13_rs76084459 and five other SNPs, which were previously identified as predictors of PegIFNα treatment response, was further strongly correlated with CR (p = 1.759 × 10 −10 ) and HBsAg level (p = 0.004). This study demonstrated that CXCL13_rs76084459 can predict response to PegIFNα treatment of HBeAg-positive CHB patients. A PGS composed of six SNPs including CXCL13_rs76084459 predicts PegIFNα treatment response better. K E Y W O R D S chronic hepatitis B (CHB), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13), hepatitis B virus (HBV), pegylated interferon-alpha (PegIFNα), single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 89%

CXCL13 variant predicts pegylated‐interferon α treatment response in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients

Luo

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) offers advantages over nucleoside analogs (NAs), including shorter treatment durations, higher HBeAg seroconversion/HBsAg loss rates, and better post-treatment immune control in HBeAg-positive patients [ 138 ]. However, Peg-IFN therapy often comes with adverse side effects.…”

Section: Potential Applications Of Exosomes In Hepatitis Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes target HBV-host interactions to remodel the hepatic immune microenvironment

Wu,

Niu,

Shi

2024

J Nanobiotechnol

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Chronic hepatitis B poses a significant global burden, modulating immune cells, leading to chronic inflammation and long-term damage. Due to its hepatotropism, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) cannot infect other cells. The mechanisms underlying the intercellular communication among different liver cells in HBV-infected individuals and the immune microenvironment imbalance remain elusive. Exosomes, as important intercellular communication and cargo transportation tools between HBV-infected hepatocytes and immune cells, have been shown to assist in HBV cargo transportation and regulate the immune microenvironment. However, the role of exosomes in hepatitis B has only gradually received attention in recent years. Minimal literature has systematically elaborated on the role of exosomes in reshaping the immune microenvironment of the liver. This review unfolds sequentially based on the biological processes of exosomes: exosomes’ biogenesis, release, transport, uptake by recipient cells, and their impact on recipient cells. We delineate how HBV influences the biogenesis of exosomes, utilizing exosomal covert transmission, and reshapes the hepatic immune microenvironment. And based on the characteristics and functions of exosomes, potential applications of exosomes in hepatitis B are summarized and predicted. Graphical Abstract

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Examination of the long-term efficacy and safety of switching from entecavir to tenofovir alafenamide, including the anti-carcinogenic effect

Matsubara,

Hagiwara,

Nishida

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This study evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety, as well as the anti-carcinogenic effects, of entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), which are widely used in Japan. The prospective observational analysis included 77 patients with chronic hepatitis B assigned to the ETV continuation and TAF change groups. After 240 weeks, the mean change in serum hepatitis B surface antigen (-0.365±0.069 log IU/mL vs. 0.301±0.039 log IU/mL, p=0.39) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (-5.407±1.660 vs. -2.666±1.52, p=0.240) did not differ significantly between the ETV and the TAF groups. Additionally, the levels of urinary β2-microglobulinβ/creatinine (2.330±0.374 at baseline vs. 2.335±0.257 at 240 weeks for ETV and 2.720±0.073 vs. 2.123±0.310 for TAF, p=0.996 and 0.455, respectively) or urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase/creatinine (0.040±0.005 at baseline vs. 0.044±0.004 at 240 weeks for ETV and 0.049±0.005 vs. 0.053±0.005 for TAF, p=0.642 and 0.684, respectively) did not differ between the two groups. Finally, no significant difference was observed in the carcinogenesis inhibitory effect between the ETV and TAF groups (log-rank test, p=0.08). In conclusion, the long-term observation in the present study demonstrated the comparable efficacy and safety between ETV and TAF.

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The efficacy and safety of adding on or switching to peginterferon α‐2b in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients with long‐term entecavir treatment: a multicentre randomised controlled trial

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

CXCL13 variant predicts pegylated‐interferon α treatment response in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients

CXCL13 variant predicts pegylated‐interferon α treatment response in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients

Exosomes target HBV-host interactions to remodel the hepatic immune microenvironment

Examination of the long-term efficacy and safety of switching from entecavir to tenofovir alafenamide, including the anti-carcinogenic effect

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