Background: Following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is key to preventing thrombosis. However, DAPT use is strongly associated with an increased risk of Gastrointestinal bleeding. This complication not only affects the patient's recovery but also increases the healthcare burden. Therefore, identifying risk factors for Gastrointestinal bleeding in postoperative PCI patients is essential to optimise DAPT management and improve patient safety.
Objective:The aim of this study was to collect and analyse data from patients who underwent PCI at our hospital and were regularly treated with DAPT after the procedure. To determine the influence of previous medical history and factors during hospitalisation on the development of postoperative Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients undergoing PCI with DAPT, and to develop a risk prediction model accordingly. Provide cardiovascular physicians with a more accurate basis for identifying high-risk patients and guiding treatment.
Methods: A total of 380 patients were included in this study, out of which 42 patients presented with Gastrointestinal bleeding. Pre- and postoperative data and past medical history of patients were collected to study the correlation factors affecting the emergence of Gastrointestinal bleeding postoperatively in patients undergoing PCI with DAPT, and to establish a prediction model.
Results:Potentially relevant factors were included in the Univariate Logistic Regression Analysis. After analysis of the results: gender, age, History of Bleeding history, History of cancer, Smoking history, History of Heart failure, History of ProtonPump Inhibitors, Renal insufficiency, and Hypoproteinemia are the nine P < 0.2, which are potential risk factors that may affect the occurrence of Gastrointestinal bleeding after surgery in patients who underwent PCI with DAPT treatment. The data obtained were further included in a multifactorial logistic regression analysis: six factors such as gender (female), History of cancer, History of bleeding, History of cancer, History of smoking, Heart failure, and Renal insufficiency were found to be independent risk factors influencing the development of Gastrointestinal bleeding postoperatively in patients undergoing PCI with DAPT (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The findings of this study confirmed six factors such as gender (female), History of Bleeding history, History of cancer, Smoking history, Heart failure and Renal insufficiency as independent risk factors for postoperative development of Gastrointestinal bleeding in PCI patients undergoing DAPT. The predictive model developed in this study can help cardiovascular physicians to some extent to accurately identify patients at high risk of bleeding and to be more cautious in the treatment as well as in the administration of medication.