The Efficacy of an Energy-Restricted Anti-Inflammatory Diet for the Management of Obesity in Younger Adults

Abstract

There is growing evidence of the dietary impact on obesity-induced low-grade chronic inflammation and the associated chronic non-communicable diseases modification. We determined changes in body composition and cardiometabolic and inflammatory status of participants with obesity after 24 weeks of a dietary intervention based on an energy-reduced anti-inflammatory diet and examined the relationship of these changes with changes in the inflammatory potential of the diet. The anthropometric and body composition parameters of 81 participants (average age of 43 years, 74 women) were assessed. Metabolic status was determined using the glycemic and lipid statuses, and the cardiometabolic index and inflammatory status were determined using the concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). The inflammatory potential of the diet was assessed using the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®). Intervention with an anti-inflammatory diet resulted in a significant reduction in body weight and visceral adipose tissue and caused improvements in the participants’ cardiometabolic and inflammatory statuses. The anti-inflammatory diet was shown to be effective regarding obesity management. The study data could advance current scientific knowledge in the field of inflammation and diet, provide guidelines for obesity management, and find its application in routine clinical practice.

Waist-to-height ratio, an optimal anthropometric indicator for metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease in the Western Chinese male population

“…Heretofore, the role of CMI as a predictor for NAFLD has not been evaluated. Kendel Jovanovic et al [ 50 ] reported that a substantial decrease in CMI was correlated with a significant decrease in total and visceral fat mass. When compared with other indicators, AVI, BAI, and CMI were not identified as significant indicators for NAFLD in previous similar studies [ 8 ].…”

The dietary inflammatory index, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors and diseases

“…An anti-inflammatory diet resulted in improvement of fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and HBA1c. 117 A previously mentioned intervention study in 45 Brazilian adolescents with obesity 95 that examined the effect of a long-term interdisciplinary therapy found an improvement in DII, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR and QUICKI). 95 The subgroup of individuals that decreased their E-DII showed a significantly greater decrease in fasting plasma glucose and insulin sensitivity (QUICKI), 95 although the study did not adjust for reduction in body weight, BMI, and (%) body fat, which occurred as a result of the therapy.…”

“…A randomized controlled intervention trial in 81 Croatian participants with obesity, 117 who underwent a 6-month dietary intervention based on an energy-reduced anti-inflammatory diet or control isocaloric diet, examined the relationship between E-DII and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and HBA1c. An anti-inflammatory diet resulted in improvement of fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and HBA1c.…”

Waist-to-Height Ratio, An Optimal Anthropometric Indicator in Prediction of Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease: Results From A Chinese Male Population Survey

“…CMI was proposed as a good predictor and discriminator of a central component of metabolic syndrome and diabetes, re ecting both adiposity and blood lipids [26]. Cantero et al reported that the substantial decline of CMI could achieve the largest decrease in TG, LDL-C, total and visceral fat mass [51]. Verma including ABSI and BRI did not integrate into our analysis due to the limitation of their cumbersome formulas and proven poorly diagnostic power for NAFLD compare to WHtR and WHR [12].…”