The efficacy of ashes of four locally used plant materials against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Cameroon

Akob, C.A.; Ewete, F. K.

doi:10.1017/s1742758407699615

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Powders of various plant species with insecticidal activity have been used previously by several researchers in laboratory trials for the control of stored product pests including S. oryzae (Niber, 1994;Haq et al, 2005;Akob and Ewete, 2007;Law-Ogbomo and Enobakhare, 2007). Large variation in the sensitivity of stored grain pests to fumigation toxicity of volatiles of many plants have also been reported by several workers (Lee et al,2001;Schmidt et al,1991;Shaaya et al,1997;Tripathi et al, 2002).…”

Section: Means Followed By the Same Letters In Each Column Are Not Simentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnobotanicals for Storage Pest Management: Effect of powdered leaves of Olax zeylanica in suppressing infestations of rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Fernando

Karunaratne

2012

JTFE

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The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae is one of the major pests of stored rice in Sri Lanka. This study investigates the effectiveness of the botanical Olax zeylanica in controlling infestations of the rice weevil.In two separate bioassays, contact/feeding and fumigant toxicity of powdered leaves of O. zeylanica were tested against 1-7 days old adult S. oryzae under laboratory conditions. Contact/feeding toxicity was tested by directly exposing adult weevils to 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 7.5g of leaf powder mixed with 100g of rice grains while fumigant toxicity was evaluated by using the same doses where theadults were exposed to fumes emitted from the leaf powders. In both bioassays 100% mortality of the adult S. oryzae was observed within 18 hours of exposure to 3.0, 5.0 and 7.5g doses of leaf powder. Percentage adult weevil mortality in treated rice tested with three doses of O. zeylanica leaf powder at all the time intervals (except for 1.0g) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the corresponding control. No Contact/feeding toxicity was recorded when adult weevils were directly exposed to 1.0g leaf powder whereas only 14% adult weevil mortality was observed even after 24hours of exposure to fumes ofleafpowder. Results also revealed that mortality increased both with increasing dose and time of exposure. In both bioassays a 100% adult weevil mortality was obtained after18 hours of exposure to 3.0g leaf powder of O. zeylanica or to its fumes.Moreover, LD50 values of 2.55g and 2.08g for leaf powders obtained after 12 hours of exposure to adult S. oryzae in contact/feeding toxicity test and fumigation test respectively.The results indicatedthat leaf powder of O. zeylanica is more toxic to adults S. oryzae when they were in direct contact with it.Findings of this study bears out the exceptionally high efficacy of O. zeylanica leaves applied directly mixed with the rice grains or introduced as a fumigant to suppress weevil infestations in stored grains and strengthen the possibility of using powdered leaves of O. zeylanica as an alternative to synthetic chemicals in storage insect pest management.

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Section: Means Followed By the Same Letters In Each Column Are Not Simentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnobotanicals for Storage Pest Management: Effect of powdered leaves of Olax zeylanica in suppressing infestations of rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Fernando

Karunaratne

2012

JTFE

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“…Most pesticidal plants also have medicinal values and some are consumed by humans as spices [10][11]. Furthermore, there is also growing interest in entomological research to identify and evaluate plant materials with insecticidal properties for control of various insect pests, including C. maculatus [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Melon Seed Oil Citrullus Colocynthis (L.) Schrad, for the Protection of Cowpea Vigna Unguiculata Seeds against Callosobruchus Maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

Nzelu¹,

Okonkwo²

2016

International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering

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Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad seeds generally called Egusi melon are widely eaten in Nigeria, but its uses in post-harvest crop protection have not been exploited. The effects of the edible oil of C. colocynthis seeds on Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) were assessed on adult mortality, oviposition, F 1 progeny emergence, cowpea seed damage and seed germinability in the laboratory. Results indicated that the oil showed some lethal effects on treated insects at above 50% mortality and very high reduction in oviposition at increased concentrations. Seeds treated with the oil showed significant (P<0.05) reduction in the number of progeny of C. maculatus. There was no observable feeding damage on seeds treated with the highest concentration of the oil applied. In addition, the oil has no adverse effect on seed viability. The present studies indicate that the application of the oil show promise in post-harvest protection of cowpea seeds.

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“…The leaf powder of the plant, which is more accessible to rural farmers than synthetic chemicals, should be an alternative to control the different stages of insect pests. Many authors have reported the effectiveness of wood ash as a grain protectant [18][19][20][21][22]. The insecticidal efficacy of Hymenocardia acida wood ash needs to be determined since it is one of the plants which the wood is most used as firewood and charcoal in traditional kitchens in the northern part of Cameroon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of binary combinations of Plectranthus glandulosus leaf powder and Hymenocardia acida wood ash against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

et al. 2018

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Background: Botanicals are generally assumed to be more biodegradable, leading to less environmental problems. Combination of botanicals could enhance biological activity against insect pests. Hence, the amount of botanical used for the control of stored grain pests may be minimised. In this study, the bioassay was carried out on Sitophilus zeamais to assess the effectiveness of binary combinations of Hymenocardia acida wood ash and Plectranthus glandulosus leaf powder. The quantities of mixed products were added to maize grains to constitute the contents of 5, 10, 20 and 40 g/kg. Then, the bioassays on toxicity within 1, 3, 7 and 14 days exposure, progeny production, population increase, grain damage and germination ability of protected grains were carried out. Results:The major compounds (pinene, α-pinene, α-terpineol, thymol, β-myrcene and 3-carene) of P. glandulosus leaf powder were monoterpenes. The major non-monoterpenic constituent was an oxygenated sesquiterpene, β caryophyllene oxide. The chemical analysis of H. acida ash showed that calcium (5800 mg/kg) and phosphorus (2782 mg/kg) recorded higher content than the other minerals. Plectranthus glandulosus leaf powder, H. acida wood ash and their binary combinations significantly induced mortality of S. zeamais adult (P < 0.0001). The higher mortality rate was achieved by the highest content within 14 days of exposure. The combinations of P. glandulosus leaf powder with H. acida at different proportions produced different interactions. The mixture of 75% P. glandulosus and 25% H. acida produced synergistic effect, whereas the mixture of 50:50 had antagonistic effect in weevil mortality. The three combinations of H. acida and P. glandulosus significantly reduced the production of the progeny compared to the control. From the application of 5 g/kg (lowest content), the number of emerging adults was highly reduced. The combination 25PG75HA revealed to be more effective than the two other against F 1 production. The grain damage and population growth were significantly reduced. In general, the non-infested maize grain had a good germination rate than the infested ones. The treatment did not have negative effect on seed germination. Conclusions:From our results, the two powders and their binary combinations could be used to reduce grain infestation by insect while taking into account the proportions of insecticidal powders implied in the combination.

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The efficacy of ashes of four locally used plant materials against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Cameroon

Cited by 36 publications

References 5 publications

Ethnobotanicals for Storage Pest Management: Effect of powdered leaves of Olax zeylanica in suppressing infestations of rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Ethnobotanicals for Storage Pest Management: Effect of powdered leaves of Olax zeylanica in suppressing infestations of rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Evaluation of Melon Seed Oil Citrullus Colocynthis (L.) Schrad, for the Protection of Cowpea Vigna Unguiculata Seeds against Callosobruchus Maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

Effectiveness of binary combinations of Plectranthus glandulosus leaf powder and Hymenocardia acida wood ash against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

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