The Efficacy of Plantago major Seed on Liver Enzymes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Abstract

Objective. This study aims to evaluate the effects of Plantago major (P. major) seed on liver enzymes and ultrasound patterns in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Design. In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 74 patients with NAFLD were administered either 2 g P. major or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. All patients were advised to follow the recommendations for daily exercise and diet modification. Levels of liver enzymes as well as other laboratory indexes were measured at the beginning of the study and after 12 weeks. Indeed, the alteration in ultrasound grade was evaluated in NAFLD patients. Results. Sixty-three participants completed the study in the intervention and control groups. The mean age of participants was 43.3 (±8.927) and 38.7 (±8.48) years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. P. major group showed significant reduction in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (47.32 ± 21.77 IU/L vs. 50.03 ± 21.19, P = 0.021), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (28.29 ± 10.49 IU/L vs. 32.03 ± 13.30, P = 0.004), triglyceride (TG) (200.93 ± 106.741 mg/dl vs. 183.75 ± 73.96, P = 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (101.25 ± 9.27 cm vs. 101.18 ± 8.63, P = 0.027), and grade of fatty liver in ultrasonography ( P = 0.038), comparing to the placebo group. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding serum levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, and other outcomes. Conclusion. P. major supplementation with a daily dose of 2 g for 12 weeks improved serum levels of ALT, AST, and TG in patients with NAFLD. Further studies with a larger sample size are recommended.

The Efficacy of Rosa damascena on Liver Enzymes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

“…ere was no considerable gap in BMI among two groups. Various investigations indicated that 5-10% weight loss is considered for dietary consumption and exercise efficiency to improve the NAFLD [13]. Weight loss percent was less than 5% in both groups (Table 1).…”

Acknowledging the use of botanicals to treat diabetic foot ulcer during the 21st century: A systematic review

“…A case study discovered that decoction of P. major alleviated patient symptoms within a few days of starting therapy, indicating the potential benefits of P. major for treating pancolitis[ 134 ]. Supplementation with two capsules of P. major seed (500 mg per capsule) decreased blood levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and triglyceride in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients in a clinical trial research[ 135 ]. A pilot study on wound healing in a rat model discovered that P. major ’s leaf extract might accelerate wound healing[ 136 ].…”

Evaluation of the Effect of Cichorium intybus L. on the Liver Enzymes in Burn Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

“…Natural compounds have been used for hundreds of years to control burn injury. Medicinal plants with a wide range of biological efects have received more attention [14][15][16]. Common chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is a somewhat woody plant belonging to the Asteraceae family usually with blue fowers [17].…”