The Efficacy of Probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) and 5-ASA (Aminosalicylic Acid) in the Treatment of Experimental Radiation Proctitis in Rats

Dandin, Özgür; Akın, Mehmet; Balta, Ahmet Ziya; Yücel, Ertan; Karakaş, Dursun Özgür; Demirbaş, Sezai; Özdemir, Sebati; Haholu, Apdullah

doi:10.1007/s12262-013-0923-3

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Non-invasive inflammatory biomarkers have been proposed to monitor the degree of radiation-induced gut-wall injury in the distal bowel and could be useful for the management of the disease. Among these, elastase [46] in mice, and lactoferrin in humans and in rats [47][48][49] were identified as markers. As a limitation, it has been reported that fecal elastase is strongly influenced by the surrounding environment [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Early and Late Damage in a Mouse Model of Pelvic Radiation Disease

Vitali,

Palone,

De Stefano

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Pelvic radiation disease (PRD), a frequent side effect in patients with abdominal/pelvic cancers treated with radiotherapy, remains an unmet medical need. Currently available preclinical models have limited applications for the investigation of PRD pathogenesis and possible therapeutic strategies. In order to select the most effective irradiation protocol for PRD induction in mice, we evaluated the efficacy of three different locally and fractionated X-ray exposures. Using the selected protocol (10 Gy/day × 4 days), we assessed PRD through tissue (number and length of colon crypts) and molecular (expression of genes involved in oxidative stress, cell damage, inflammation, and stem cell markers) analyses at short (3 h or 3 days after X-ray) and long (38 days after X-rays) post-irradiation times. The results show that a primary damage response in term of apoptosis, inflammation, and surrogate markers of oxidative stress was found, thus determining a consequent impairment of cell crypts differentiation and proliferation as well as a local inflammation and a bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes after several weeks post-irradiation. Changes were also found in microbiota composition, particularly in the relative abundance of dominant phyla, related families, and in alpha diversity indices, as an indication of dysbiotic conditions induced by irradiation. Fecal markers of intestinal inflammation, measured during the experimental timeline, identified lactoferrin, along with elastase, as useful non-invasive tools to monitor disease progression. Thus, our preclinical model may be useful to develop new therapeutic strategies for PRD treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Early and Late Damage in a Mouse Model of Pelvic Radiation Disease

Vitali,

Palone,

De Stefano

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…However, the administration of probiotics alone and probiotics plus honey resulted in bloating compared to the controls [82]. Studies on Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria showed that administration after or before RT reduced the incidence of diarrhea and the use of antidiarrheal medication (loperamide) and resulted in a significant weight gain [83,100]. LGG was also found to be as effective as aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), a standard treatment for proctitis, the inflammation of the rectum lining, in controlling the clinical and histopathological symptoms caused by radiation exposure in rat models [100,101].…”

Section: Probiotics Use As An Intervention To Radiation Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This problem may be due to differences in the bacterial strains used in the various studies. While a study on a probiotic combination containing B. longum, L. lactis, and E. faecium showed that probiotics could not help with weight gain post CRT, another survey of probiotics containing L. rhamnosus GG showed an increase in weight gain with probiotic administration post RT [100,102]. Furthermore, a systematic review on the effect of probiotics on GI symptoms induced by pelvic RT showed little evidence that probiotics can reduce diarrhea during or at the end of RT [105].…”

Section: Probiotics Use As An Intervention To Radiation Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interplay among Radiation Therapy, Antibiotics and the Microbiota: Impact on Cancer Treatment Outcomes

2022

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Radiation therapy has been used for more than a century, either alone or in combination with other therapeutic modalities, to treat most types of cancer. On average, radiation therapy is included in the treatment plans for over 50% of all cancer patients, and it is estimated to contribute to about 40% of curative protocols, a success rate that may reach 90%, or higher, for certain tumor types, particularly on patients diagnosed at early disease stages. A growing body of research provides solid support for the existence of bidirectional interaction between radiation exposure and the human microbiota. Radiation treatment causes quantitative and qualitative changes in the gut microbiota composition, often leading to an increased abundance of potentially hazardous or pathogenic microbes and a concomitant decrease in commensal bacteria. In turn, the resulting dysbiotic microbiota becomes an important contributor to worsen the adverse events caused in patients by the inflammatory process triggered by the radiation treatment and a significant determinant of the radiation therapy anti-tumor effectiveness. Antibiotics, which are frequently included as prophylactic agents in cancer treatment protocols to prevent patient infections, may affect the radiation/microbiota interaction through mechanisms involving both their antimicrobial activity, as a mediator of microbiota imbalances, and their dual capacity to act as pro- or anti-tumorigenic effectors and, consequently, as critical determinants of radiation therapy outcomes. In this scenario, it becomes important to introduce the use of probiotics and/or other agents that may stabilize the healthy microbiota before patients are exposed to radiation. Ultimately, newly developed methodologies may facilitate performing personalized microbiota screenings on patients before radiation therapy as an accurate way to identify which antibiotics may be used, if needed, and to inform the overall treatment planning. This review examines currently available data on these issues from the perspective of improving radiation therapy outcomes.

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Novel Strategies to Prevent, Mitigate or Reverse Radiation Injury and Fibrosis

Montay‐Gruel

Boivin

Vozenin

2016

Strategies to Enhance the Therapeutic Ratio of Radiation as a Cancer Treatment

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The Efficacy of Probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) and 5-ASA (Aminosalicylic Acid) in the Treatment of Experimental Radiation Proctitis in Rats

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Characterization of Early and Late Damage in a Mouse Model of Pelvic Radiation Disease

Characterization of Early and Late Damage in a Mouse Model of Pelvic Radiation Disease

The Interplay among Radiation Therapy, Antibiotics and the Microbiota: Impact on Cancer Treatment Outcomes

Novel Strategies to Prevent, Mitigate or Reverse Radiation Injury and Fibrosis

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