Lost amidst the focus on medication or short-term cognitive behavioral treatments for psychiatric symptom management, psychodynamic/psychoanalytic psychotherapy has been undervalued or devalued by insurance companies-and perhaps by the general public as well. My colleagues who practice psychodynamic psychotherapy have struggled with insurance company demands to produce "treatment plans" for sessions of eight or ten weeks, complete with behavioral objectives. Complex human problems, with tangled roots in childhood trauma and pain, cannot be resolved in a few sessions. Nor can medication alone achieve resolution of such complex deep-seated problems.No doubt my therapist colleagues are heartened by new research published in American Psychologist (Shedler, 2010). Author Jonathan Shedler reviewed a number of meta-analyses encompassing 160 studies of psychodynamic therapy, concluding that it is highly effective for a wide range of mental health problems. Effect sizes (indicating the degree of change produced by treatment) were large, even for personality disorders that are commonly viewed as having a poor prognosis. In brief, we have fresh new evidence for the efficacy of an "older" therapy that is often dismissed as too lengthy, too costly, and (in the latest buzzword language) "not evidence-based." Shedler's study shows that psychodynamic therapy works, and its effects continue to grow even after remission of symptoms and termination of the therapeutic relationship.This kind of therapy fosters insight into those "powerful forces below the surface of things," in the words of psychology professor Mike Nash at my university. Nash points out, "We like to think we understand ourselves and our relation-