The article is a comparative analysis of hyaluronic acid preparations widely used in clinical practice. An analysis of modern literature on the use of “synovial fluid prostheses” for patients with osteoarthritis is presented. The advantages of using intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid preparations are shown. According to indications and in compliance with technical conditions the use of products containing hyaluronic acid and its salts for intra-articular injections can improve the functional state of the joints. The article also describes the use of hyaluronic acid in dentistry for diseases of the temporomandibular joint, inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity, including diseases of periodontal tissue, tooth extraction, osteotomies, etc.