Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring linear polysaccharide of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue, synovial fluid, and other tissues. It possesses various physiological and structural functions, which include cellular and extracellular interactions, interactions with growth factors and regulation of the osmotic pressure, and tissue lubrication. All these functions help in maintaining the structural and homeostatic integrity of the tissue. Extensive studies on the chemical and physicochemical properties of HA and its physiological role in humans have proved that it is an ideal biomaterial for cosmetic, medical, and pharmaceutical applications. The aim of this review article is to discuss various physiochemical, biochemical, and pharmaco-therapeutic uses of HA, especially in relation to the regeneration of oral tissues. The Pubmed/Medline database was searched and only highly relevant articles from electronic and manual search in English literature were selected for the present review article.