“…Research foci were wide and varied, but remained essentially diagnostic when gifted underachievement was examined. Behavioral psychology guided research design, and areas such as motivation, frustration, family relations, home backgrounds, mental health, and personality differences drove inquiry (Bachtold, 1969;Baymur & Patterson, 1960;Dunn, 1963;Durr & Collier, 1960;Gallagher & Rogge, 1966;Karnes, McCoy, Zehrbach, Wollersheim, & Clarizio, 1963;McGillivray, 1964;Morrow & Wilson, 1961;Perkins, 1965Perkins, , 1969Pierce & Bowman, 1960, pp. 33-66;Purkey, 1969;Raph, Goldberg, & Passow, 1966;Shaw & Black, 1960;Shaw & McCuen, 1960;Shouksmith & Taylor, 1964;Tetrault, 1965).…”