The efficacy of weekly and bi-weekly heat training to maintain the physiological benefits of heat acclimation

Benjamin, Courteney L.; Sekiguchi, Yasuki; Armstrong, Lawrence E.; Manning, Ciara N.; Struder, Jeb F; Butler, Cody R.; Huggins, Robert A.; Stearns, Rebecca L.; Lee, Elaine C.; Casa, Douglas J.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2021.10.006

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The recommended frequency for heat-acclimation session is of at least four sessions per week to induce heat acclimation and two sessions per week to maintain it 70 75…”

Section: Section 2: Recommendations For Risk Mitigation By the Athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, a subsequent acclimation stimulus within a month of a first stimulus induces faster and greater adaptations 76 79. It is also possible to minimise the decay in the acclimation phenotype between the heat-acclimation period and the competition by maintaining regular active (or even passive) heat exposures 75 78…”

Section: Section 2: Recommendations For Risk Mitigation By the Athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 76 79 It is also possible to minimise the decay in the acclimation phenotype between the heat-acclimation period and the competition by maintaining regular active (or even passive) heat exposures. 75 78 …”

Section: Section 2: Recommendations For Risk Mitigation By the Athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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IOC consensus statement on recommendations and regulations for sport events in the heat

et al. 2022

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This document presents the recommendations developed by the IOC Medical and Scientific Commission and several international federations (IF) on the protection of athletes competing in the heat. It is based on a working group, meetings, field experience and a Delphi process. The first section presents recommendations for event organisers to monitor environmental conditions before and during an event; to provide sufficient ice, shading and cooling; and to work with the IF to remove regulatory and logistical limitations. The second section summarises recommendations that are directly associated with athletes’ behaviours, which include the role and methods for heat acclimation; the management of hydration; and adaptation to the warm-up and clothing. The third section explains the specific medical management of exertional heat stroke (EHS) from the field of play triage to the prehospital management in a dedicated heat deck, complementing the usual medical services. The fourth section provides an example for developing an environmental heat risk analysis for sport competitions across all IFs. In summary, while EHS is one of the leading life-threatening conditions for athletes, it is preventable and treatable with the proper risk mitigation and medical response. The protection of athletes competing in the heat involves the close cooperation of the local organising committee, the national and international federations, the athletes and their entourages and the medical team.

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“…The recommended frequency for heat-acclimation session is of at least four sessions per week to induce heat acclimation and two sessions per week to maintain it 70 75…”

Section: Section 2: Recommendations For Risk Mitigation By the Athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Section 2: Recommendations For Risk Mitigation By the Athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

IOC consensus statement on recommendations and regulations for sport events in the heat

et al. 2022

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“…Following an explanation of study procedures, which were approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at The University of Connecticut, participants provided informed written consent to participate in this study. This study is a part of a large research study, and other research questions are answered in other manuscripts [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Predictive Modeling Technique to Assess Core Temperature Adaptations from Heart Rate, Sweat Rate, and Thermal Sensation in Heat Acclimatization and Heat Acclimation

Sekiguchi

Benjamin

Manning

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Assessing the adaptation of rectal temperature (Trec) is critical following heat acclimatization (HAz) and heat acclimation (HA) because it is associated with exercise performance and safety; however, more feasible and valid methods need to be identified. The purpose of this study was to predict adaptations in Trec from heart rate (HR), sweat rate (SR), and thermal sensation (TS) using predictive modeling techniques. Twenty-five male endurance athletes (age, 36 ± 12 y; VO2max, 57.5 ± 7.0 mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1) completed three trials consisting of 60 min running at 59.3 ± 1.7% vVO2max in a hot environment. During trials, the highest HR and TS, SR, and Trec at the end of trials were recorded. Following a baseline trial, participants performed HAz followed by a post-HAz trial and then completed five days HA, followed by a post-HA trial. A decision tree indicated cut-points of HR (<−13 bpm), SR (>0.3 L·h−1), and TS (≤−0.5) to predict lower Trec. When two or three variables met cut-points, the probability of accuracy of showing lower Trec was 95.7%. Greater adaptations in Trec were observed when two or three variables met cut-points (−0.71 ± 0.50 °C) compared to one (−0.13 ± 0.36 °C, p < 0.001) or zero (0.0 3 ± 0.38 °C, p < 0.001). Specificity was 0.96 when two or three variables met cut-points to predict lower Trec. These results suggest using heart rate, sweat rate, and thermal sensation adaptations to indicate that the adaptations in Trec is beneficial following heat adaptations, especially in field settings, as a practical and noninvasive method.

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“…So, an on-going challenge for sports practitioners and sport scientists working with athletes competing in hot environments is the optimal timing and dosage of heat adaptation sessions relative to scheduled competitive events. In our second heat-related study highlighted in this month's issue of JSAMS, Benjamin et al [3] explore different approaches to intermittently "top up" a previously attained heat acclimation or heat acclimatization using heat training sessions. The authors demonstrate that 60 minutes of exercise at a Wet Bulb Globe Temperature of ~33°C of an intensity sufficient to achieve hyperthermia (defined as a core temperature greater than 38.5°C) performed twice per week successfully maintained some of the key indicators of a physiological heat adaptation for at least 8 weeks after the original heat acclimation/acclimatisation regimen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can heat exposure improve exercise performance?

Jay¹

2022

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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The efficacy of weekly and bi-weekly heat training to maintain the physiological benefits of heat acclimation

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

IOC consensus statement on recommendations and regulations for sport events in the heat

IOC consensus statement on recommendations and regulations for sport events in the heat

Using Predictive Modeling Technique to Assess Core Temperature Adaptations from Heart Rate, Sweat Rate, and Thermal Sensation in Heat Acclimatization and Heat Acclimation

Can heat exposure improve exercise performance?

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