The Efficiency of 3′-End Formation Contributes to the Relative Levels of Different Histone mRNAs

Liu, T J; Levine, B J; Skoultchi, Arthur I.; Marzluff, William F.

doi:10.1128/mcb.9.8.3499-3508.1989

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…We assume that all of the transcripts which extend past the U1 3′-end are processed at the distal histone 3′-end. This is a good assumption, since the histone H2a-614 3′ processing signal is very efficient (13) and has been previously shown to be utilized efficiently on transcripts which initiate at the U1 promoter (4). The chimeric genes were introduced into CHO cells and pools of stable transformants assayed to determine the proportion of steady-state transcripts ending at the histone or U1 3′-ends.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chimeric U1 and histone H2a genes were constructed from the mouse histone H2a-614 gene (9,10) and the mouse U1b.1 and U1b.2 genes (11,12); these genes are shown in Figure 1. The mouse U1b promoter containing 5 nt of U1 coding sequence has been described previously, as have the cassettes containing the U1 3′ signal with either 10 or 50 nt of U1 coding sequence (4) and the histone H2a-614 3′-end signal (13). The genes are named by the length of the snRNA transcript they produce and whether they have 49 (UL genes) or 10 nt (US genes) of U1 RNA sequence at their 3′-end.…”

Section: Construction Of Cloned Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing the Distance Between the snRNA Promoter and the 3' Box Decreases the Efficiency of snRNA 3-End Formation

Ramamurthy

Ingledue

Pilch

et al. 1996

Nucleic Acids Research

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Chimeric genes which contained the mouse U1b snRNA promoter, portions of the histone H2a or globin coding regions and the U1b 3'-end followed by a histone 3'-end were constructed. The distance between the U1 promoter and the U1 3' box was varied between 146 and 670 nt. The chimeric genes were introduced into CHO cells by stable transfection or into Xenopus oocytes by microinjection. The efficiency of utilization of the U1 3' box, as measured by the relative amounts of transcripts that ended at the U1 3' box and the histone 3'-end, was dependent on the distance between the promoter and 3'-end box. U1 3'-ends were formed with >90% efficiency on transcripts shorter than 200 nt, with 50-70% efficiency on transcripts of 280-400 nt and with only 10-20% efficiency on transcripts >500 nt. Essentially identical results were obtained after stable transfection of CHO cells or after injecting the genes into Xenopus oocytes. The distance between the U1 promoter and the U1 3' box must be <280 nt for efficient transcription termination at the U1 3' box, regardless of the sequence transcribed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Construction Of Cloned Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the Distance Between the snRNA Promoter and the 3' Box Decreases the Efficiency of snRNA 3-End Formation

Ramamurthy

Ingledue

Pilch

et al. 1996

Nucleic Acids Research

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Isolation of two murine H1 histone genes and chromosomal mapping of the H1 gene complement

et al. 1995

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The mammalian H1 histone gene complement consists of at least seven H1 protein isoforms. These include five S-phase-dependent H1 protein subtypes and two more distantly related proteins, which are expressed upon terminal differentiation (H1o) or during the pachytene stage of spermatogenesis (H1t). In the past, three replication-dependent murine H1 genes plus the H1o and H1t genes have been isolated and characterized. In this report, we describe the sequences of two more H1 genes, and we show that all five murine replication-dependent H1 genes and the H1t gene map to the region A2-3 on Chromosome (Chr) 13. This is in agreement with our previous finding that the human H1 histone gene complement maps to 6p21.3, which corresponds to the A2-3 region on the murine Chr 13. Previous reports have shown that the replication-independent H1o genes map to syntenic regions on Chrs 22 (human H1o) and 15 (murine H1o).

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Alvelo-Ceron

Niu

Collart

2000

Molecular Biology Reports

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The family of human histone genes consists of replication-dependent and independent subtypes. The replication-independent histone genes, also known as variants, give rise to distinct mRNAs, whose expression is regulated depending on the growth state of the cell, tissue type and developmental stage. In turn, the histone variants are differentially synthesized and modified by acetylation. Consequently, chromatin structure is altered resulting in complex changes in gene expression. The high conservation among histone protein subtypes suggests that they are indispensable. In addition, conservation of the positions of acetylation within subtypes suggests that the location of these sites is functionally important for the eukaryotic cell. For example, the structures of transcriptionally active and repressed chromatin are different depending on the acetylation state of histone proteins [1-3]. In addition, transcriptionally active and repressed chromatin contains distinct histone variants [4]. Specialized histone variants are targeted to the centromere of the chromosome, where they are essential for chromosome segregation [5]. Other specialized histones exist that are essential for development [6]. Changes in histone acetylation have been implicated in the down-regulation of a tumour suppressor gene in human breast cancer [7]. Acetylation also plays an important role in X chromosome inactivation as well as hormone-mediated transcriptional regulation [8, 9]. We propose here a novel model for histone variant gene regulation at the post-transcriptional level, which provides the groundwork to define the pathways regulating the synthesis of these variants.

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The Efficiency of 3′-End Formation Contributes to the Relative Levels of Different Histone mRNAs

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Increasing the Distance Between the snRNA Promoter and the 3' Box Decreases the Efficiency of snRNA 3-End Formation

Increasing the Distance Between the snRNA Promoter and the 3' Box Decreases the Efficiency of snRNA 3-End Formation

Isolation of two murine H1 histone genes and chromosomal mapping of the H1 gene complement

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