The Ego Impairment Index and the Reality–Fantasy Scale: Comment on Viglione, Perry, and Meyer (2003)

Tibon, Shira; Porcelli, Piero; Weinberger, Yifat

doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa8403_10

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The other score is related to the standard deviation RFS score of a protocol (RFS-S) and is interpreted as a dissociation or lack of integration of external reality and inner world (higher score). Previous research shows that RFS-P scores, which approximate zero in normative healthy samples, were significantly lower in patients with psychotic symptoms and significantly higher in medical patients with psychosomatic symptoms (Tibon, 2005; Tibon, Porcelli, & Weinberger, 2005). In addition, RFS-S scores significantly distinguished between patients with restricting anorexia and patients engaged in binge eating, with the latter group showing an elevated score within the dissociative spectrum, confirming the hypothesized dissociative component in binge eating behaviors (Tibon & Rothschild, 2009).…”

Section: The Rfsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Integrating the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure and Rorschach Composite Measures for exploring psychopathological patterns of mental functioning.

Porcelli

Appel

Lingiardi

et al. 2012

Psychoanalytic Psychology

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This study addressed the exploration of a multimethod psychodynamic assessment and its relation to psychopathological patterns. The study applies the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP; Shedler, J., & Westen, D., 2006, Personality diagnosis with Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP): Bridging the gulf between science and practice. In P. D. M. Task Force (Ed.), Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual (pp. 573–613). Silver Spring, MD: Alliance of Psychoanalytic Organizations.) and three composite Rorschach measures to a sample of 72 outpatients with various Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Axis I diagnoses (American Psychiatric Association, 2000, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV–TR). Washington, DC: Author.): The Ego Impairment Index (EII-2; Viglione, D. J., Perry, W., & Meyer, G. J., 2003, Refinements in the Rorschach Ego Impairment Index incorporating the Human Representational Variable. Journal of Personality Assessment, 81, 149–156. doi:10.1207/S15327752JPA8102_06), measuring maladaptive ego functions; and two derivations of the Reality-Fantasy Scale (RFS; Tibon, S., Handelzalts, J. E., & Weinberger, Y., 2005. Using the Rorschach for exploring the concept of transitional space within the political context of the Middle East. International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies, 2, 40–57. doi:10.1002/aps.30): the RFS-P, measuring proneness to fantasy (lowered negative scores) as compared to concrete thinking (elevated positive scores); and the RFS-S, measuring dissociative proneness. Consistent with the literature, in this study, the multimethod assessment revealed modest unilinear associations, if any, between each of the Rorschach indices and the SWAP scales. However, regression analyses showed that the joint use of the EII-2 and the RFS-P explained a substantial portion of the variance in the SWAP scales that indicate inhibition and avoidance (obsessive personality disorder score and Avoidant Q factor, respectively). Furthermore, when used with the RFS-S, the EII-2 was able to significantly explain variance in the SWAP scales that indicate interpersonal detachment (schizotypal personality disorder score and Schizoid Q factor). The implications of these results for clinical practice will be discussed.

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Section: The Rfsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Integrating the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure and Rorschach Composite Measures for exploring psychopathological patterns of mental functioning.

Porcelli

Appel

Lingiardi

et al. 2012

Psychoanalytic Psychology

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“…One of the major limitations of the current study concerns the normative data that were used for the purpose of comparisons. Although the RFS has been used and validated in numerous studies (e.g., Tibon, 2007; Tibon, Handelzalts, & Weinberger, 2005; Tibon, Porcelli, & Weinberger, 2005), including international ones, its norms are currently based on an Israeli sample of 79 nonpatient participants. Though this sample has been shown to be comparable to the international normative data across most Rorschach variables (Meyer, Erdberg, & Shaffer, 2007), the results of this comparison should still be interpreted with caution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research showed that the mean RFS score of a protocol (RFS-P) approximated zero in normative healthy samples ( M = .05), was significantly lower in patients with psychotic symptoms, and significantly higher in medical patients with psychosomatic symptoms (Tibon, Porcelli, & Weinberger, 2005; Tibon, Weinberger, Handelzalts, & Porcelli, 2005). In addition, in a study that examined the dissociative component in eating disorders, the RFS scatter (RFS-S) significantly distinguished between patients with restricting anorexia and patients with binge eating disorders, with the group engaged in binge eating showing an elevated score within the dissociative spectrum, confirming the hypothesized dissociative component in binge eating behaviors (Tibon & Rothschild, 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The failure to preserve potential space in dissociative disorders: A Rorschach study.

Zeligman¹,

Smith²,

Tibon³

2012

Psychoanalytic Psychology

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The current study explores a psychoanalytic conceptualization of dissociation based on Winnicott's (1971) construct of potential space and Ogden's (1986) model of using this construct to capture different types of psychopathological states. Following Smith (1990), we apply the Rorschach Reality-Fantasy Scale (RFS; Tibon, Handelzalts & Weinberger, 2005) to Rorschach protocols of 100 patients with severe dissociative disorders (Brand, Armstrong, & Loewenstein, 2006). Overall, the results support the conceptualization of dissociation as a form of collapse of potential space. When compared with a normative sample, the dissociative patients demonstrated significantly elevated RFS-S scores, indicative of fluctuations between reality-bound and fantasy-derived Rorschach responses, in which reality and fantasy are experienced as parallel, disconnected conditions. Furthermore, the RFS-S significantly added to detecting dissociative disorders, above and beyond isolated Rorschach markers known to be indicative of dissociation. In line with previous research, the results demonstrate the advantages of using the Rorschach in general, and the RFS in particular, for empirically exploring psychoanalytic conceptualizations of psychopathological states.

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“…Results pointed to the adaptive ability of both groups to create and maintain potential space. The scale was further validated in different normative and patient samples at different age groups around the world (Tibon 2007;Tibon et al 2005). The present study examines the capacity to differentiate and integrate internal and external realms of experience using the RFS-2 in three samples of high functioning Israeli young adults drawn from a previously published study on the Rorschach CS ).…”

Section: The Rorschach Inkblot Methods and Decision-making Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the publication of its original version, the RFS has been validated in various samples of patient and nonpatient adults in different countries (e.g., Tibon et al 2005;Porcelli et al 2012). Research showed that the mean RFS score of a protocol (RFS-P) approximated zero in normative healthy samples (M = .05), was significantly lower in patients with psychotic symptoms and significantly higher in medical patients with psychosomatic symptoms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Personality Patterns of Functioning in a Decision-Making Ambiguous Task: The Rorschach Reality–Fantasy Scale (RFS-2)

Tibon-Czopp¹,

Appel

Zeligman

2015

Group Decis Negot

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Various studies suggest that individual differences in personality patterns of functioning are strong determinants of both psychopathological manifestations and negotiation effectiveness in high functioning individuals. It has been argued that the lack of empirical confirmation for these claims is attributable to methodological limitations. The present paper suggests using the Reality-Fantasy Scale Version 2 (RFS-2), as a measure of these patterns while confronting the ambiguous task of the Rorschach Inkblot Method. Participants were three samples of young Israeli adults collected in three periods that differ in terms of frequency and severity of terrorist attacks conducted against civilians. The findings point out that unlike the level of subjective distress, which was lower in less threatening periods, fundamental personality characteristics (i.e. the capacity for differentiation and integration of internal and external realms of experience) were found to be similar in all the three samples despite notable changes in external circumstances of the long standing, fluctuating political conflict in the Middle East.

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The Ego Impairment Index and the Reality–Fantasy Scale: Comment on Viglione, Perry, and Meyer (2003)

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Integrating the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure and Rorschach Composite Measures for exploring psychopathological patterns of mental functioning.

Integrating the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure and Rorschach Composite Measures for exploring psychopathological patterns of mental functioning.

The failure to preserve potential space in dissociative disorders: A Rorschach study.

Assessing Personality Patterns of Functioning in a Decision-Making Ambiguous Task: The Rorschach Reality–Fantasy Scale (RFS-2)

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