The eicosanoids: A historical overview

Baker, R. Roy

doi:10.1016/0009-9120(90)90255-s

Cited by 43 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Many of the effects of dietary PUFA on immune function are likely mediated through changes in oxylipin production. A role in the regulation of immune responses was first shown for the group termed eicosanoids, which are oxylipins derived from the 20‐carbon PUFA ARA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (Baker, ). Since then far more unique lipid species have been described (reviewed in Gabbs et al, ), faster than their functions can be fully characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spleen Oxylipin and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Profiles are Altered by Dietary Source of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid and by Sex

Pauls

Ragheb

Winter

et al. 2020

Lipids

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As the largest secondary lymphoid organ, the spleen plays an important role in immune responses. The role of arachidonic acid (ARA) and its 20-carbon eicosanoids in modulating immune function has long been of interest. However, recent advances have enabled the identification of numerous other n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-derived oxylipins. Here, we investigate the effects of diet and sex on the spleen nonesterified oxylipin profiles and phospholipid and neutral lipid PUFA composition in Sprague-Dawley rats supplemented with oils rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), or linoleic acid. Dietary ALA, EPA, and DHA resulted in lower levels of ARA and ARA oxylipins. Oxylipins derived from other n-6 PUFA were also reduced despite no or opposite effect on their PUFA levels. Each diet also resulted in higher levels of oxylipins almost exclusively derived from the supplemented PUFA, despite PUFA in the same biosynthetic pathway also often being increased. Further, while oxylipin differences often reflected changes to phospholipid PUFA, there were instances where they corresponded more closely to changes in neutral lipid PUFA. With respect to sex effects, >50% of lipoxygenase ARA-derived oxylipins were higher in males in at least one diet group, while multiple DHA oxylipins were lower in males only in rats provided the DHA diet. This fundamental description of oxylipin composition in the spleen, including the influence of diet and sex and the relationship to PUFA composition, will help inform future studies examining the functions of these oxylipins under physiological and pathological conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spleen Oxylipin and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Profiles are Altered by Dietary Source of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid and by Sex

Pauls

Ragheb

Winter

et al. 2020

Lipids

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“…The origins of PGA 2 and PGB 2 , the presence of which was demonstrated in this study, are connected with the biosynthesis of PGE 2 . Baker (1990) assumes that the transformation of PGE 2 to PGA 2 may occur nonenzymatically in acidic medium, e.g., during extraction. In alkaline medium, PGA 2 is transformed to PGB 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These shortdistance interactions are activated by the excretion of elements known as cell hormones (prostaglandins, among others) that strongly activate the metabolism of sensitive cells (Smith 1989;Baker 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of prostaglandins in pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of Acanthamoeba spp.

Hadas¹,

Mazur²

1997

Parasitology Research

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The aim of the present study was to examine the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and to investigate factors conditioning their biosynthesis in pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of Acanthamoeba spp. We established that the activity of the synthase of prostaglandins was almost identical in pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains and that the synthesis of endoperoxide prostaglandins was similar to that of other organisms up to the point at which prostaglandin H2 was produced. The course of biosynthesis in vitro can be activated by various compounds such as glutathione, albumin, and p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (p-CMB), which are either activators or inhibitors of the enzymes. We suggest that the course of biosynthesis of prostaglandins in vivo is most probably activated by tissues or constitutional liquids surrounding the parasites.

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“…Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increasingly have been identified to affect cell signaling reactions at the cell membrane level [6][7][8][9] and the activation of transcription factors as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors [10] and nuclear factor-kappaB [11]. In addition, some PUFA act as substrates for eicosanoid synthesis, thus probably interfering with cytokine release [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrichment of RAW264.7 macrophages with essential 18-carbon fatty acids affects both respiratory burst and production of immune modulating cytokines

Walloschke¹,

Fuhrmann²,

Schümann³

2010

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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The eicosanoids: A historical overview

Cited by 43 publications

References 20 publications

Spleen Oxylipin and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Profiles are Altered by Dietary Source of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid and by Sex

Spleen Oxylipin and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Profiles are Altered by Dietary Source of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid and by Sex

Biosynthesis of prostaglandins in pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of Acanthamoeba spp.

Enrichment of RAW264.7 macrophages with essential 18-carbon fatty acids affects both respiratory burst and production of immune modulating cytokines

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