The Electrical Conductivity of Lead Dioxide

Thomas, U. B.

doi:10.1149/1.2773823

Cited by 47 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Linear Tafel lines were also obtained for the Ag + KOH systems, but here the slope reproducibility was poorer than that obtained with the other systems investigated and the values of a = 0.34 f 0.01 was obtained, whereas for the systems Pt + H2SO4, Pb + H2SO4, and Pb + KOH a value of cc = 0.5 was obtained. Thus for two systems in which a highly conducting passivating layer 18 is formed on the electrode and with platinum the same value a = 0.5 has been obtained. We have noted that in the final stage of anodic polarization of a silver electrode the potential increases slowly with time whereas for the Pb + H2SO4 and Pb + KOH systems a decreasing potential is observed.…”

Section: Oxygen Overvoltage Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Oxide formation and overvoltage of oxygen on lead and silver anodes in alkaline solution

Jones¹,

Thirsk²,

Wynne‐Jones³

1956

Trans. Faraday Soc.

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Newcas tle-upon-Tyne 1A study has been made of the anodic behaviour of lead and silver in N KOH with a view to determining the nature of the oxide layers formed and their influence upon measurements of oxygen overvoltage. Measurements of the variation of oxygen overvoltage with current density under constant surface conditions are reported for the two systems and the probable nature of the oxides deduced from voltage and, when possible, X-ray diffraction measurements. Comparison is made with earlier work.A recent study1 of the behaviour of lead in sulphuric acid during anodic polarization under conditions of constant apparent current density, has shown that the electrode reaction may be regarded as occurring in three stages.(i) A stage in which a lead sulphate layer is formed on the electrode surface, and which occurs at potentials near to the reversible PbjPbS04 potential. This layer eventually becomes complete, at least in the sense that the formation of lead sulphate cannot continue, and the electrode potential rises very rapidly to a sharp peak. The quantity of lead sulphate formed in this stage increases markedly with decreasing current density.(ii) The electrode potential falls rapidly from the peak, passes successively through a minimum and a maximum, and is at all times positive with respect to the reversible Pb02/PbS04/H2S04 potential. This stage is a complex one in which the formation of lead dioxide from the lead sulphate and the evolution of oxygen both contribute to the total electrode reaction, to extents which are dependent both on current density and time.

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Section: Oxygen Overvoltage Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Oxide formation and overvoltage of oxygen on lead and silver anodes in alkaline solution

Jones¹,

Thirsk²,

Wynne‐Jones³

1956

Trans. Faraday Soc.

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“…It is relevant to observe that it has been previously postulated (3) that lattice building in electrocrystallization is accomplished by surface diffusion of transferred adions to edges, steps, or kinks; in the present study the number of these defects will be proportional to the degree of cold-work (4). This indicates that the technique provides a sensitive method of detecting any effects caused by the structure of the substrate.…”

Section: Metallurgy Department Corrosion Section Battersea College mentioning

confidence: 63%

The Effect of Electropolishing on the Codeposition of Hydrogen with Nickel

Franklin¹,

Blackburn²

1962

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A number of investigations have been made of the advantages of electropolishing as a pretreatment of the electrode in electrodepositions. These have been surveyed by Faust (1). As a part of an investigation of the effect of organic additives on the hydrogen content of nickel deposits (2), a short study was made of the variation in the amount of hydrogen codeposited with nickel as a function of the pretreatment of the electrode. Experimental ProcedureNickel wires were used as the basis metal for nickel plating. They were 14 gauge and 1.5 cm in length. They were prepared for plating by two procedures. In one procedure the wire was polished mechanically by hand with number 2/0 emery cloth. In the other procedure the wire was polished mechanically in the same way and then electropolished at a current density of 60 ma/cm s in a bath containing 50 ml water, 370 ml 85% phosphoric and 80 ml 98% sulfuric acid. Nickel was plated from a standard Watts bath for a period of 12 min at a current density of 6.96 ma/cm ~.The hydrogen content of the deposits and the current efficiencies were measured in the manner previously reported (2). The codeposited hydrogen was oxidized electrolytically, and the number of coulombs necessary for the oxidation was a measure of the amount of hydrogen. Current efficiency was Table I. Effect of pretreatment of electrode on amount of codeposited hydrogen

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“…31 In addition, the lead dioxide possess favorable electronic conductivity, which is higher than TiO 2 particles. 32 It is expected that a high transport rate of electrons in the interface of TiO 2 and lead dioxide takes place, which suppress the recombination of electron-hole pairs. 33 And TiO 2 nanoparticles on the electrode surface ensured the exposure to the light irradiation and provided abundant reaction sites for the degradation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Photoelectrochemical Property of PbO₂-TiO₂Nanocomposite Electrodes

Yao¹,

Li²,

Cui³

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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PbO 2 -TiO 2 nanocomposite electrodes were prepared by the electrodeposition method in the lead nitrate solution containing TiO 2 nanoparticles. The influences of TiO 2 concentration, current density and stirring rate on the weight percentage (wt%) of TiO 2 nanoparticles in the PbO 2 -TiO 2 nanocomposite electrodes were investigated. TiO 2 content in the PbO 2 -TiO 2 nanocomposite electrodes reaches 8.79 wt% from lead nitrate solution containing 8 g L −1 TiO 2 nanoparticles with current density at 30 mA cm −2 and stirring rate at 120 rpm. The morphology and structure of PbO 2 -TiO 2 nanocomposite electrodes were characterized by scanning electrons microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). PbO 2 -TiO 2 nanocomposite electrodes are finer and more compact than PbO 2 electrodes. The service life of PbO 2 -TiO 2 nanocomposite electrodes reaches 149 h, which is four times longer than that of PbO 2 electrodes. The photoelectrochemical property of PbO 2 -TiO 2 nanocomposite electrodes was investigated by linear sweep voltammogram (LSV), photocurrent response (PCR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) under UV irradiation. The results show that PbO 2 -TiO 2 nanocomposite electrodes possess remarkable photocurrent response under UV irradiation. The MB and COD removal efficiency reaches 98.5% and 70.7% by photoelectrocatalytic degradation after 120 min, the degradation process follow the first-order reaction kinetics. The results demonstrate that PbO 2 -TiO 2 nanocomposite electrodes are promising photoelectrocatalytic anode materials.In recent years, TiO 2 particles have been successfully used as photocatalyst to treat organic pollutants. 1-4 However, there are two obvious shortcomings in actual application: first is that TiO 2 particles are difficult to separate from aqueous solution when the photocatalytic reaction is carried out in the TiO 2 suspension system; second is the low quantum yield due to the rapid recombination of photo generated holes and electrons. 5,6 To solve these problems, TiO 2 particles can be immobilized on the electrode and the electrochemically assisted photocatalysis could be realized by means of the external electric field, which solves the problem of TiO 2 recovery and low quantum efficiency. PbO 2 electrodes possess high electrical conductivity, good stability and are easily obtained at a low cost. 7-9 In addition, the electrodes possess relatively high electrocatalytic ability in the degradation process of organic pollutants. 10-14 PbO 2 electrodes can immobilize TiO 2 particles to obtain PbO 2 -TiO 2 composite electrodes by anodic electrodeposition in the lead nitrate plating bath containing TiO 2 particles. Recently, A.B. Velichenko et al 15-17 has prepared PbO 2 -TiO 2 composite electrodes, the results show that the life-time of PbO 2 -TiO 2 composite electrodes is twice as long as that of PbO 2 electrodes. 18 Li et al 19 studied the electrochemically assisted photocatalytic degradation of acid orange 7 using β-PbO 2 electrodes modified by TiO 2 , the TiO 2 modified β-PbO 2 ...

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The Electrical Conductivity of Lead Dioxide

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

Oxide formation and overvoltage of oxygen on lead and silver anodes in alkaline solution

Oxide formation and overvoltage of oxygen on lead and silver anodes in alkaline solution

The Effect of Electropolishing on the Codeposition of Hydrogen with Nickel

Preparation and Photoelectrochemical Property of PbO₂-TiO₂Nanocomposite Electrodes

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The Electrical Conductivity of Lead Dioxide

Cited by 47 publications

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Oxide formation and overvoltage of oxygen on lead and silver anodes in alkaline solution

Oxide formation and overvoltage of oxygen on lead and silver anodes in alkaline solution

The Effect of Electropolishing on the Codeposition of Hydrogen with Nickel

Preparation and Photoelectrochemical Property of PbO2-TiO2Nanocomposite Electrodes

Contact Info

Product

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Preparation and Photoelectrochemical Property of PbO₂-TiO₂Nanocomposite Electrodes