The electroviscous effect in nanochannels with overlapping electric double layers considering the height size effect on surface charge

Multiscale simulations of nanofluidics: Recent progress and perspective

“…These numerical models can be employed to study ionic current, 52 ion rectification, 146 and heat transfer 11 along a nanochannel. The simulation process is solving a series of partial differential equations (PDEs), through the numerical methods of finite element methods (FEM) and finite difference methods (FDM) 148 …”

“…If the spacing distance of the channel is much larger than the Debye length, the two EDLs on opposite sides are noninteracting to each other. However, in nanofluidics, the channel dimensions are often within the Debye length, so that the EDLs of the walls may be overlaped, 11,153,154 resulting in the electrostatic interaction between two opposite interfaces. The electric field owing to the charged surface is able to penetrate through nanochannels and then change the properties of the inner fluids.…”

“…When solutions containing ions flow in a surface-charged nanochannel with a characteristic length smaller than Debye length, there will be overlapped electric double layer (EDL), which contribute to ions rectification effects. 11,12 In nanofluidics, the surface effects not only affect the behaviors of fluids flow but also change the fluid properties at the liquid/solid interface, leading to high viscosity, [13][14][15][16][17][18] high density, 14,[19][20][21][22] and abnormal dielectric constant. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Such anomalous phenomena make nanofluidics more complicated than classic fluid mechanics.…”

Layer-by-Layer Nanofluidic Membranes for Promoting Blue Energy Conversion

“…52 Although sedimentation and nanochannel obstruction are potential shortcomings with this approach, fresh research has been performed to address these concerns. 53,54 Recently, Dartoomi et al 15 looked into the impacts of nanochannel shape as well as the bipolar soft layer. They showed that nanochannels with a trumpet shape perform better than those with other geometries, with the efficiency reaching roughly 45% under ideal conditions (charge density of the soft layer, N PEL /N A = 100 mol/m 3 , concentration ratio, C H /C L = 100).…”

“…Take into consideration that the self-assembly technique is used to build nanochannels with an LbL soft layer . Although sedimentation and nanochannel obstruction are potential shortcomings with this approach, fresh research has been performed to address these concerns. , …”