The Eltville Tephra (Western Europe) age revised: Integrating stratigraphic and dating information from different Last Glacial loess localities

Zens, Joerg; Zeeden, Christian; Römer, Wolfgang; Fuchs, Markus; Klasen, Nicole; Lehmkuhl, Frank

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.11.033

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…ET samples plot at intermediate Mg# of 70-80, within the East Eifel trend, and suggest that their host magma was of primitive to intermediate basanitic-tephritic composition. Interestingly, the revised age of the Eltville eruption (Zens et al, 2017) falls within the timeframe proposed for intrusion and formation of the LSV magma chamber, which pre-dates its eruption by 10 000-20 000 years (Schmitt et al, 2010). Hence, the ET could have been formed by a preexisting vent situated within the area that is now known as the Laacher See Volcano.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Prominent tephra layers have been distributed from both the West and East Eifel Volcanic Field (WEVF and EEVF): the Laacher See Tephra (LST) at 12 900 a bp (Bogaard and Schmincke, ; Brauer et al , ; Bronk Ramsey et al , ), Eltville tephra (ET) and Rambach tephra (RaT) at 20 000–30 000 a bp (Frechen, ; Pouclet and Juvigné, ; Zens et al , ), Les Echets tephra at 42 000–45 000 a bp (Veres et al , ), and Rocourt tephra (RT) at 74 000–90 000 a bp (Pouclet et al , ; Lenaz et al , ) (Fig. A).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Pleistocene Eifel eruptions: insights from clinopyroxene and glass geochemistry of tephra layers from Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive sediment cores

Förster

Zemlitskaya

Otter

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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The Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive (ELSA), which comprises several cores from maar lakes, includes numerous tephra layers spanning the last 140 000 years. The sediment cores are dated by 14C and thermoluminescence as well as tuned to Greenland stadial–interstadial successions. Within the last glacial cycle, the Eifel Volcanic Fields are source to several widespread tephra layers, namely the Laacher See, Eltville, Rambach and Rocourt Tephra. However, a corresponding source volcano was so far only identified for the Laacher See Tephra. In this study we use glass and clinopyroxene geochemistry to link the remaining tephra layers to possible eruption centers within the West and East Eifel Volcanic Fields: while we demonstrate that the Eltville Tephra originated from an earlier eruption of the Laacher See Volcano at 24 300 a bp from within the East Eifel Volcanic Field, the Rambach and Rocourt Tephras are sourced from the West Eifel Volcanic Field and erupted from Wartgesberg at 27 900 a bp and Pulvermaar at 75 000 a bp, respectively. Phases of volcanic activity peaked at 10 000–30 000 and 60 000–80 000 a bp and were thus erupted around the temperature minima of the last glacial cycle. The longest phase of dormancy between individual vents was around 30 000 years long, within the last interglacial.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Pleistocene Eifel eruptions: insights from clinopyroxene and glass geochemistry of tephra layers from Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive sediment cores

Förster

Zemlitskaya

Otter

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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“…However, Sew and Sd horizons are based on German classification. Estimated age of the Eltville-Tephra according to Zens et al (2017) and Förster et al (2020).…”

Section: Litho-and Pedostratigraphy Of Core Rem 3amentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Inorganic and Organic Carbon Stable Isotope Signatures in the Schwalbenberg Loess-Palaeosol-Sequence Near Remagen (Middle Rhine Valley, Germany)

et al. 2020

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Western Central European Loess-Palaeosol-Sequences (LPS) provide valuable terrestrial records of palaeoenvironmental conditions, which formed in response to variability in the North Atlantic climate systems. Over the last full glacial cycle (∼130 ka), climate oscillations within these systems are best documented in deep sea-and ice cores; the responses of terrestrial systems are not yet fully understood. A better understanding of metabolism governing input and output variables of organic-and inorganic C pools is, however, crucial for investigating landscape-atmospheric feedback processes and in particularly, for understanding the formation of calcareous LPS as environmental archives. Here we quantify the contributions of primary carbonates (PC) and secondary carbonates (SC) to the overall inorganic carbon pool down a LPS at the Schwalbenberg site, based on the natural abundance ratio of stable carbon isotopes (δ 13 C) and contents of the organic-and inorganic C pools. This facilitates detailed insights into the carbonate metabolism and hence, loessification and percolation processes. PC accumulate predominantly in cold phases during periods of reduced biological activity and become leached during wetter and warmer periods contemporary with higher rates of SC re-precipitation and total organic carbon (TOC) increases due to enhanced biomass production. We find that mineral dust input is most significant during stadials, as well as toward the end of warmer interstadials, characterised by gradual cooling back to stadial conditions. Pedogenesis in the Schwalbenberg LPS kept pace with surface accumulation of mineral dust. This indicates that palaeosols are of accretionary nature, which gives raise to the idea of incorporation of former topsoils in preserved subsoil horizons. Our study decodes fundamental aspects of the link between atmospheric dust circulation and terrestrial records in western Central Europe. In addition, interdependencies between factors governing the regional moisture budged and LPS can be reconstructed in a more holistic way than before.

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“…Zens et al . () showed this impressively in their compilation of sediment ages bracketing the Eltville tephra in central Europe. A total of 87 dates yield luminescence ages between 13.5 and 49.6 ka, which were subjected to a Bayesian approach to obtain a common age between 23.2 and 25.6 ka, that fits well with stratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental data.…”

Section: Indirect Luminescence Dating Of Tephra By Bracketing Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and indirect luminescence dating of tephra: A review

Bösken

Schmidt

2019

J Quaternary Science

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In Quaternary studies, tephras are widely used as marker horizons to correlate geological deposits. Therefore, accurate and precise dating is crucial. Among radiometric dating techniques, luminescence dating has the potential to date tephra directly using glass shards, volcanic minerals that formed during the eruption or mineral fragments that originate from the shattered country rock. Moreover, sediments that frame the tephra can be dated to attain an indirect age bracket. A review of numerous luminescence dating studies highlights the method's potential and challenges. While reliable direct dating of volcanic quartz and feldspar as a component in tephra is still methodically difficult mainly due to thermal and athermal signal instability, red thermoluminescence of volcanic quartz and the far-red emission of volcanic feldspar have been used successfully. Furthermore, the dating of xenolithic quartz within tephra shows great potential. Numerous studies date tephra successfully indirectly. Dating surrounding sediments is generally straightforward as long as samples are not taken too close to the tephra horizons. Here, issues arise from the occurrence of glass shards within the sediments or unreliable determination of dose rates. This includes relocation of radioelements, mixing of tephra into the sediment and disregarding different dose rates of adjacent material.

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The Eltville Tephra (Western Europe) age revised: Integrating stratigraphic and dating information from different Last Glacial loess localities

Cited by 21 publications

References 65 publications

Late Pleistocene Eifel eruptions: insights from clinopyroxene and glass geochemistry of tephra layers from Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive sediment cores

Late Pleistocene Eifel eruptions: insights from clinopyroxene and glass geochemistry of tephra layers from Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive sediment cores

Combining Inorganic and Organic Carbon Stable Isotope Signatures in the Schwalbenberg Loess-Palaeosol-Sequence Near Remagen (Middle Rhine Valley, Germany)

Direct and indirect luminescence dating of tephra: A review

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