The Embryological Development of the American Grayling (Thymallus signifer tricolor) from Fertilization to Hatching

Watling, Harold; Brown, C. J. D.

doi:10.2307/3223849

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Those in Alaska streams have been aptly called "two eyeballs on a thread" (Schallock, 1966) and those in Washington and Montana are even smaller (7-11 mm) at emergence (Watling and Brown, 1955;Beauchamp, 1981).…”

Section: Hatching Emergence and Fry Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative biology and management of Arctic and European grayling (Salmonidae, Thymallus)

Northcote¹

1995

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

158

175

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Section: Hatching Emergence and Fry Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative biology and management of Arctic and European grayling (Salmonidae, Thymallus)

Northcote¹

1995

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

158

175

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“…Eggs of Arctic grayling have been reported to range in diameter from 2.7 to 4.3 mm (Scott and Grossman 1973), although the smaller of these sizes may represent eggs that have not completed water hardening. Watling and Brown (1955) found that newly spawned eggs of grayling from Georgetown Lake, Montana were 2.4 mm in diameter and increased to about 3.8 mm after completion of water hardening, which took from 8 hours for unfertilized and 24 hours for fertilized eggs. The author (unpublished observations) has found the following mean diameters of water hardened eggs from different sources: Big Hole River 3.4 mm; Lake Agnes 3.6 mm; Deer Lake 3.9 mm; Red Rocks Lake 4.2 mm; and Hyalite Reservoir 4.2 mm.…”

Section: Grayling Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time required for embryonic development to hatching and to swimup varies with water temperature. Kratt and Smith (1977) (Tyron 1947); two weeks to hatching at 10°C and swimup in an additional week to 10 days (Henshall 1907); 16 days to hatching at 10-14.4°C (Watling and Brown 1955); 13.7 days average time to hatching at 8.8°C (Bishop 1971); and 14 to 19 days to hatching at 8°C and approximately 10 additional days to swimup (Wojcik 1955;Kaya 1989).…”

Section: Grayling Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Status report on fluvial arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in Montana

Kaya¹,

Montana.²

1990

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“…Although drift nets sampled a relatively small portion of the river, nets did not capture Arctic grayling fry during either year. Arctic grayling in Montana are small at emergence (7-11 mm; Watling and Brown 1955), but adfluvial fry were caught near headwater lakes in 2005. Further, Arctic grayling fecundity is high in comparison with other salmonids (Northcote 1995), increasing the likelihood of detection.…”

Section: Spawning Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Viability of Arctic Grayling in the Gibbon River, Yellowstone National Park

Steed

Zale

Koel

et al. 2010

N American J Fish Manag

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The fluvial Arctic grayling Thymallus arcticus is restricted to less than 5% of its native range in the contiguous United States and was relisted as a category 3 candidate species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act in 2010. Although fluvial Arctic grayling of the lower Gibbon River, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, were considered to have been extirpated by 1935, anglers and biologists have continued to report catching low numbers of Arctic grayling in the river. Our goal was to determine whether a viable population of fluvial Arctic grayling persisted in the Gibbon River or whether the fish caught in the river were downstream emigrants from lacustrine populations in headwater lakes. We addressed this goal by determining relative abundances, sources, and evidence for successful spawning of Arctic grayling in the Gibbon River. During 2005 and 2006, Arctic grayling comprised between 0% and 3% of the salmonid catch in riverwide electrofishing (mean < 1%; SE < 1%) and snorkeling (mean = 1%; SE = 1%) surveys; Arctic grayling constituted 0–14% of the salmonid catch obtained by targeted angling (3 of 22 fish; mean = 4%; SE = 5%). Low values of the genetic differentiation index (FST = 0.0021 ± 0.002 [mean ± 95% confidence interval]) between headwater lake and river Arctic grayling indicated that fish from throughout the Gibbon River system probably belonged to the same population. Back‐calculated lengths at most ages were similar among all fish, and successful spawning within the Gibbon River below the headwater lakes was not documented. Few Arctic grayling adults and no fry were detected in the Gibbon River, implying that a reproducing fluvial population does not exist there. These findings have implications for future Endangered Species Act considerations and management of fluvial Arctic grayling within and outside of Yellowstone National Park. Our comprehensive approach is broadly applicable to the management of sparsely detected aquatic species worldwide.

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The Embryological Development of the American Grayling (Thymallus signifer tricolor) from Fertilization to Hatching

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Comparative biology and management of Arctic and European grayling (Salmonidae, Thymallus)

Comparative biology and management of Arctic and European grayling (Salmonidae, Thymallus)

Status report on fluvial arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in Montana

Population Viability of Arctic Grayling in the Gibbon River, Yellowstone National Park

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