The Emergence of Entrepreneurial Intentions in Indigenous Entrepreneurs: The Role of Personal Background on the Antecedents of Intentions

Abstract

The fact that models of entrepreneurship have generally been developed on a global scale has made the matter of explaining and assessing indigenous level experience rather difficult from the perspective of reliability and validity. It is therefore very important from an academic perspective to reveal such local scale entrepreneurial behaviours. Research was conducted in three stages. Personal backgrounds formed by factors such as role models, traits and experience, and contextual terms were addressed. Then clues regarding cognitive structures and processes were researched by focusing on how entrepreneurs recognize opportunities. Finally, factors having an influence in the formation of entrepreneurial intentions were addressed. The sampling structure of this study was entrepreneurs in the town of Biga, which is one of the main economic fields of the Canakkale region in Turkey. Findings on the research topic were obtained by evaluating entrepreneurial activities in different time periods by indigenous entrepreneurs and by conducting detailed interviews with these entrepreneurs. Using this research method made possible a more effective understanding the decision-making paradigm of the entrepreneurs. The 26 entrepreneurs analysed in the study were divided into three basic types according to the dominant factors determined following analysis of the reasons that led them to start an entrepreneurial career.

Entrepreneurial intentions of South African rural university students: A test of the theory of planned behaviour

“…The results revealed that being from an entrepreneurial family background and prior start-up experience had a very weak but statistically significant negative correlation with entrepreneurial intention (p < .01), the attitude towards becoming an entrepreneur (p < .01), perceived behavioural control (p < .01) and subjective norms (p < .01). This is contrary to earlier research that has found that entrepreneurial family background and prior self-employment experience increase the likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur (Douglas & Fitzsimmons, 2013;Uygun & Kasimoglu, 2013;Dohse & Walter, 2012). The results support those of Margues et al (2012) and Zhang et al (2013) in the sense that direct experience with the entrepreneurial behaviour or observing relatives who are entrepreneurs may expose one to the outcomes that may negatively impact on the decision to choose an entrepreneurial career.…”

“…It was also found that positive valuation of the entrepreneurial behaviour by people in the closer environment increases the knowledge about the entrepreneurial environment (awareness of associations, support systems and access to preferential loans), which enhances perceived behavioural control. Uygun and Kasimoglu (2013) found that experience in a particular sector enhances entrepreneurial self-efficacy which in turn positively influences entrepreneurial intentions. Similarly, Douglas and Fitzsimmons (2013) and Gird and Bagraim (2008) reported a positive relationship between prior self-employment experience and entrepreneurial intentions.…”

“…Individuals can experience the potential benefits or hardships of being an entrepreneur by observing the consequences of the actions of other people who are entrepreneurs. This can have a positive or negative impact on the attitude towards becoming an entrepreneur and also entrepreneurial intentions (Uygun & Kasimoglu, 2013;Muofhe & du Toit, 2011;Lapista et al, 2012;Zhang, Duysters & Cloodt, 2013;Marques, Ferreira, Gomes & Rodrigues, 2012).…”

“…Similarly, Douglas and Fitzsimmons (2013) and Gird and Bagraim (2008) reported a positive relationship between prior self-employment experience and entrepreneurial intentions. It has also been found that having entrepreneurial role models increases self-efficacy and contributes to the development of entrepreneurial intentions (Uygun & Kasimoglu, 2013;Dohse & Walter, 2012;Barnir, Watson & Hutchins, 2011). According to Ramos-Rodríguez, Medina-Garrido, Lorenzo-Gómez & Ruiz-Navarro (2010), being able to recognise good business opportunities is related to individuals' beliefs that they possess the necessary knowledge and skills to start their own businesses and knowing other people who are entrepreneurs.…”

Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention Among Graduating Students at Debre Berhan University, Ethiopia

“…It is believed that every human action is a result of intention, and intention implies a planned behavior [9]. Entrepreneurial intention can be also defined as a mental state that directs action toward self-employment rather than corporative employment [10].…”