The Emergence of the Ubiquity of Cerium in Heterogeneous Oxidation Catalysis Science and Technology

Abstract

Research into the incorporation of cerium into a diverse range of catalyst systems for a wide spectrum of process chemistries has expanded rapidly. This has been evidenced since about 1980 in the increasing number of both scientific research journals and patent publications that address the application of cerium as a component of a multi-metal oxide system and as a support material for metal catalysts. This review chronicles both the applied and fundamental research into cerium-containing oxide catalysts where cerium’s redox activity confers enhanced and new catalytic functionality. Application areas of cerium-containing catalysts include selective oxidation, combustion, NOx remediation, and the production of sustainable chemicals and materials via bio-based feedstocks, among others. The newfound interest in cerium-containing catalysts stems from the benefits achieved by cerium’s inclusion, which include selectivity, activity, and stability. These benefits arise because of cerium’s unique combination of chemical and thermal stability, its redox active properties, its ability to stabilize defect structures in multicomponent oxides, and its propensity to stabilize catalytically optimal oxidation states of other multivalent elements. This review surveys the origins and some of the current directions in the research and application of cerium oxide-based catalysts.

Advanced Biological Applications of Cerium Oxide Nanozymes in Disease Related to Oxidative Damage

“…The lanthanide metal cerium has attracted a great deal of attention in a range of fields, including physics, chemistry, biology, and materials science. − Cerium ions form a fluorite crystal structure of cerium oxide with oxygen (O 2 ) atoms. Cerium oxide is widely used in industrial production as a component of polishing powder, glass decolorizing agents, high-temperature-resistant materials, catalytic materials, and solar cells − and is particularly important in catalysts. − Cerium atoms exhibit not only a fully reduced +3 valence state but also have a fully oxidized +4 valence state because Ce has two partially filled electron orbitals (4f and 5d) and many suborder excited states. − Cerium ions preferentially adopt the more stable Ce 4+ state in cerium oxide.…”

Selective Sorption of Cerium Ions from Uranium-Containing Solutions by Remotely Activated Ion Exchangers

“…This rare earth metal is also widely used for obtaining pyrotechnic compositions, as its powder is pyrophoric (self-igniting when in contact with air). Additionally, cerium compounds are widely used as catalysts in petrochemical production [ 10 , 11 ]. The demand for cerium is growing annually, but its availability on Earth is limited [ 12 ].…”

Synthesis of mesoporous SiO2–CeO2 hybrid nanostructures with high catalytic activity for transamidation reaction

“…[17][18][19] From a green chemistry point of view, ceria has been receiving a lot of interest as a promoter, automobile exhauster, and pollution abatement material. [20][21][22] Ceria is widely used in organic catalytic reactions because of its distinctive ability to transfer more oxygen and the possibility of variation of oxidation state between reduced and oxidized species (Ce 3+ to Ce 4+ ). [23][24][25] Silica (SiO 2 ) is also an extensively studied porous material having outstanding properties like high-temperature stability, larger surface area, and excessive absorption capacity, all of which are important factors for catalysis.…”