The emergence of Y-chromosome haplogroup J1e among Arabic-speaking populations

Abstract

Haplogroup J1 is a prevalent Y-chromosome lineage within the Near East. We report the frequency and YSTR diversity data for its major sub-clade (J1e). The overall expansion time estimated from 453 chromosomes is 10 000 years. Moreover, the previously described J1 (DYS388¼13) chromosomes, frequently found in the Caucasus and eastern Anatolian populations, were ancestral to J1e and displayed an expansion time of 9000 years. For J1e, the Zagros/Taurus mountain region displays the highest haplotype diversity, although the J1e frequency increases toward the peripheral Arabian Peninsula. The southerly pattern of decreasing expansion time estimates is consistent with the serial drift and founder effect processes. The first such migration is predicted to have occurred at the onset of the Neolithic, and accordingly J1e parallels the establishment of rain-fed agriculture and semi-nomadic herders throughout the Fertile Crescent. Subsequently, J1e lineages might have been involved in episodes of the expansion of pastoralists into arid habitats coinciding with the spread of Arabic and other Semitic-speaking populations.

The phylogenetic and geographic structure of Y-chromosome haplogroup R1a

“…We assembled a genotyping panel of 16 244 males from 126 Eurasian populations, some of which we report upon for the first time herein and others that we have combined from earlier studies, 22,[29][30][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] and updated to a higher level of phylogenetic resolution. All samples were obtained using locally approved informed consent and were de-identified.…”

Distinguishing the co-ancestries of haplogroup G Y-chromosomes in the populations of Europe and the Caucasus

“…The hg G individuals in Supplementary Table S1 were either first genotyped for this study or updated to present phylogenetic resolution from earlier studies. 2,4,10,11,13,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] All hg G (M201-derived) samples were genotyped in a hierarchical manner for the following binary markers: M285, P20, P287, P15, L91 P16, M286, P303, U1, L497, M406, Page19, M287 and M377. Specifications for most markers have been previously reported, 1,17,28 ISOGG 2011 (http://www.isogg.org/tree/).…”

Neolithic patrilineal signals indicate that the Armenian plateau was repopulated by agriculturalists

“…27,38,[42][43][44][45]39 Previous investigations have found some of these haplogroups, including J1-M267 and J2-M172, to illustrate patterns of distributions that reflect the spread of agriculture and domestication from the Fertile Crescent, 37,45 and recently, the distribution of R1b1b-M269 haplotypes across the Near East and Europe has been proposed to be best explained by a Neolithic dispersal. 44 Of particular prominence in Armenia are haplogroups R1b-M343 and J2-M172, which are detected in Ararat Valley, Gardman and Lake Van at frequencies higher than those observed in any of the Near Eastern populations analyzed in this study.…”