The Emerging Field of Cardioimmunology: Past, Present and Foreseeable Future

Mann, Douglas L.

doi:10.1161/circresaha.123.323656

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 80 publications

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“…Current myocardial biology dogma asserts that the inflammatory response to ischemic injury is a critical determinant of tissue remodeling involving fibrosis and scarring. [42][43][44] Recent studies point to post-infarction myocardial healing modulation by the inflammatory response to injury, particularly in early phases of mounting the fibrotic response. 45 The immunomodulatory action of nicotine may impair healing following tissue injury 46,47 with concomitant pro-fibrotic action [33][34][35] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial infarction injury is exacerbated by nicotine in vape aerosol exposure

Savko,

Esquer,

Molinaro

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Rationale: Vaping is touted as a safer alternative to traditional cigarette smoking but the full spectrum of harm reduction versus comparable risk remains unresolved. Elevated bioavailability of nicotine in vape aerosol together with known risks of nicotine exposure may result in previously uncharacterized cardiovascular consequences of vaping. Objective: Assess the impact of nicotine exposure via vape aerosol inhalation upon myocardial response to infarction injury. Methods and Results: Flavored vape juice containing nicotine (5 mg / ml) or vehicle alone (0 mg) was delivered using identical 4-week treatment protocols. Mice were subjected to acute myocardial infarction injury and evaluated for outcomes of cardiac structure and function. Findings reveal that nicotine exposure leads to worse outcomes with respect to contractile performance regardless of sex. Non-myocyte interstitial cell accumulation following infarction significantly increased with exposure to vape aerosol alone, but a comparable increase was not present when nicotine was included. Conclusions: Myocardial function after infarction is significantly decreased after exposure to nicotine vape aerosol irrespective of sex. Comparable loss of contractile function was not observed in mice exposed to vape aerosol alone, highlighting the essential role of nicotine in loss of contractile function. Increased vimentin immunoreactivity was observed in the vape alone group compared to control and vape nicotine. The correlation between vaping, interstitial cell responses, and cardiac remodeling leading to impaired contractility warrants further investigation. Public health experts seeking to reduce vaping-related health risks should consider messaging that highlights the increased cardiovascular risk especially with nicotine-containing aerosols.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial infarction injury is exacerbated by nicotine in vape aerosol exposure

Savko,

Esquer,

Molinaro

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The Cardioprotective Role of Neutrophil-Specific STING in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Brockman,

Scruggs,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BackgroundNeutrophils are the most rapid and abundant immune cells to infiltrate the myocardium following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/R). Neutrophil heterogeneity has not been well characterized in MI/R, and studies have shown conflicting results regarding the impact of neutrophil depletion on cardiac injury. We thus aim to study the impact of neutrophils with enriched type I interferon signature and the role of STING (stimulator of interferon genes) signaling in neutrophils on cardiac reperfusion injury.MethodsWe utilized single-cell RNA sequencing to study neutrophil heterogeneity in response to MI/R. We generated a neutrophil-specific STING knockout mouse to assess the role of neutrophil STING in a model of MI/R. We examined cardiac function following injury via echocardiography and assessed the immune cell trajectory following injury utilizing flow cytometry.ResultsWe identified a population of neutrophils with enriched type I interferon signaling and response to type I interferon following MI/R. We found that genetic deletion of neutrophil-specific STING led to worsened cardiac function following MI/R. Further investigation of the immune response by flow cytometry revealed decreased neutrophil infiltration into the myocardium and a shift in macrophage polarization.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that neutrophil-specific STING is cardioprotective in MI/R, partly due to its effects on downstream immune cells. These results demonstrate that early alterations or therapeutic interventions can influence key events in the resolution of inflammation following MI/R.

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Interface Between Cardioimmunology, Myocardial Health, and Disease: A Compendium

Campos Ramos,

Čiháková,

Maack

et al. 2024

Circulation Research

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The Emerging Field of Cardioimmunology: Past, Present and Foreseeable Future

Cited by 4 publications

References 80 publications

Myocardial infarction injury is exacerbated by nicotine in vape aerosol exposure

Myocardial infarction injury is exacerbated by nicotine in vape aerosol exposure

The Cardioprotective Role of Neutrophil-Specific STING in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Interface Between Cardioimmunology, Myocardial Health, and Disease: A Compendium

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