The Emerging Field of Emotion Regulation: An Integrative Review

Abstract

The emerging field of emotion regulation studies how individuals influence which emotions they have, when they have them, and how they experience and express them. This review takes an evolutionary perspective and characterizes emotion in terms of response tendencies. Emotion regulation is defined and distinguished from coping, mood regulation, defense, and affect regulation. In the increasingly specialized discipline of psychology, the field of emotion regulation cuts across traditional boundaries and provides common ground. According to a process model of emotion regulation, emotion may be regulated at five points in the emotion generative process: (a) selection of the situation, (b) modification of the situation, (c) deployment of attention, (d) change of cognitions, and (e) modulation of responses. The field of emotion regulation promises new insights into age-old questions about how people manage their emotions.

Resolving the neural circuits of anxiety

“…In psychology, it has been proposed that there is an evaluative system that guides subsequent modulation of emotion in a regulatory fashion 98 .…”

Prosocial Behavior as a Protective Factor for Children’s Peer Victimization

“…Emotional regulation is the affective, cognitive, and behavioral process through which an individual influences both their experience and expression of emotions (Gross, 1998). Unfortunately, as Goodman and Sotham-Gerow To date, the majority of victimization literature that has examined emotional regulation has focused on negative emotional responses.…”

Strategic automation of emotion regulation.

“…According to Gross (1998aGross ( , 1998b, external and internal emotional cues are evaluated in a first step before these evaluations lead to a coordinated set of behavioral, physiological, and experiential emotional response tendencies. The regulation of emotions can thus take place by manipulating inputs or outputs.…”