The emerging pandemic of obesity and diabetes: are we doing enough to prevent a disaster?

Naser, Kaviani; Gruber, Andreas; Thomson, GA

doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.01003.x

Cited by 89 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Obesity and DM have reached worldwide pandemic proportions, 23 with one third of adults in the United States classified as obese (body mass index [BMI] ‡ 30 kg/m 2 ) 24,25 DM, CVD, hypertension, stroke, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis are some of the obesity-related diseases that decrease the life span.…”

Section: Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Medical Safety Issues in the Older Woman

Segev

Riskin-Mashiah

Lavie

et al. 2011

Journal of Women's Health

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Previous study has shown that in the United States, most maternal deaths and severe obstetric complications due to chronic disease are potentially preventable through improved medical care before conception. Many women who need assisted reproductive technology (ART) because of infertility are older than the average pregnant woman. Risks for such chronic diseases as obesity, diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and malignancy greatly increase with maternal age. Chronic illness increases the risk of the in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure and is also associated with increased obstetric risk and even death. The objective of this review is to outline the potential risks for older women who undergo ART procedures and pregnancy and to characterize guidelines for evaluation before enrollment in ART programs. A PubMed search revealed that very few studies have related to pre-ART medical evaluation. Therefore, we suggest a pre-ART medical assessment, comparable to the recommendations of the American Heart Association before noncompetitive physical activity and the American Society of Anesthesiologists before elective surgery. This assessment should include a thorough medical questionnaire and medical examination. Further evaluation and treatment should follow to ensure the safety of ART procedures and of ensuing pregnancies.

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Section: Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Medical Safety Issues in the Older Woman

Segev

Riskin-Mashiah

Lavie

et al. 2011

Journal of Women's Health

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“…Obesity is associated with an increased risk for type 2 diabetes [1]. In severely obese individuals, surgically induced weight loss significantly lowers the incidence of type 2 diabetes [2][3][4] and primary prevention trials have shown that moderate weight reduction can reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes in obese individuals with impaired glucose tolerance [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and remission of type 2 diabetes in relation to degree of obesity at baseline and 2 year weight change: the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study

et al. 2015

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Aims/hypothesis The aim of this work was to analyse the rates of incidence and remission of type 2 diabetes in relation to baseline BMI and weight change in the prospective, controlled Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study. Methods Three-thousand four-hundred and eighty-five obese individuals receiving bariatric surgery or conventional treatment were grouped into four baseline BMI categories (<35, 35-40, 40-45 or ≥45 kg/m 2 ) and five weight-change categories according to their BMI at 2 years (increase [≥1 BMI unit increase], no change [less than 1 BMI unit change], minor reduction [−1 to −9 BMI units], medium reduction [−10 to −14 BMI units] and major reduction [< −15 BMI units]). The incidence and remission of diabetes at 2 years was assessed. Results Among individuals with no weight change, diabetes incidence rates were 5.5%, 7.4%, 8.3% and 5.2%, in the four baseline BMI categories, respectively. In those with an initial BMI of 35-40, 40-45 and ≥45 kg/m 2 who attained a minor reduction in weight, the corresponding rates were 1.3%, 1.2% and 3.4%, respectively. In both the medium-and majorweight-reduction groups, diabetes incidence was ≤0.5%. Among individuals with diabetes at baseline, the remission rates were 15.3-26.9% in the no-weight-change groups, and 48.1-70% for individuals who attained a minor weight reduction. In the medium-and major-weight-reduction groups, the remission rate was 77-97%. There were no differences in 2 year incidence and remission rates between different baseline BMI groups that achieved the same degree of weight reduction. Conclusions/interpretation In obese individuals, the favourable effect of weight reduction on type 2 diabetes incidence and remission is independent of initial BMI. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01479452

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“…he world is in the grip of a diabetes and obesity epidemic (1). The reasons for this are complex, but modern lifestyles that allow the avoidance of physical activity are thought to have played a major role (2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Breaks in Sedentary Time

et al. 2008

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OBJECTIVE -Total sedentary (absence of whole-body movement) time is associated with obesity, abnormal glucose metabolism, and the metabolic syndrome. In addition to the effects of total sedentary time, the manner in which it is accumulated may also be important. We examined the association of breaks in objectively measured sedentary time with biological markers of metabolic risk.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -Participants (n ϭ 168, mean age 53.4 years) for this cross-sectional study were recruited from the 2004 -2005 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study. Sedentary time was measured by an accelerometer (counts/minute Ϫ1 Ͻ 100) worn during waking hours for seven consecutive days. Each interruption in sedentary time (counts/min Ն100) was considered a break. Fasting plasma glucose, 2-h plasma glucose, serum triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, weight, height, waist circumference, and resting blood pressure were measured. MatLab was used to derive the breaks variable; SPSS was used for the statistical analysis.RESULTS -Independent of total sedentary time and moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity time, increased breaks in sedentary time were beneficially associated with waist circumference (standardized ␤ ϭ Ϫ0.16, 95% CI Ϫ0.31 to Ϫ0.02, P ϭ 0.026), BMI (␤ ϭ Ϫ0.19, Ϫ0.35 to Ϫ0.02, P ϭ 0.026), triglycerides (␤ ϭ Ϫ0.18, Ϫ0.34 to Ϫ0.02, P ϭ 0.029), and 2-h plasma glucose (␤ ϭ Ϫ0.18, Ϫ0.34 to Ϫ0.02, P ϭ 0.025).CONCLUSIONS -This study provides evidence of the importance of avoiding prolonged uninterrupted periods of sedentary (primarily sitting) time. These findings suggest new public health recommendations regarding breaking up sedentary time that are complementary to those for physical activity.

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The emerging pandemic of obesity and diabetes: are we doing enough to prevent a disaster?

Cited by 89 publications

References 43 publications

Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Medical Safety Issues in the Older Woman

Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Medical Safety Issues in the Older Woman

Incidence and remission of type 2 diabetes in relation to degree of obesity at baseline and 2 year weight change: the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study

Breaks in Sedentary Time

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