The emerging role of endothelial function in cardiovascular oncology

Pugliese, Nicola Riccardo; Masi, Stefano

doi:10.1177/2047487319888597

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In fact, playing a crucial role in neoangiogenesis and in regulating local blood flow, endothelial dysfunction and the disarray of newly formed vessels within the neoplastic mass massively influence the abnormal intra-tumoral perfusion, leading to local hypoxia, impaired permeability, extracellular matrix degradation and the efflux of cancer cells, determining a higher risk of metastatic diffusion [ 56 ]. A recent study showed that micro-vascular endothelial dysfunction, as defined by reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry index ≤ 2.0, was associated with a greater than two-fold increased risk of solid-tumor cancer [ 57 ]. Interestingly, in a small cohort of patients with breast cancer from the Mediterranean diet-based diet and androgens (DIANA)-5 Trial, a 12-month exercise training program improved both VO 2 peak (from 12.4 ± 2.9 to 14.3 ± 3.3 mL/kg/min, p < 0.001) and vascular endothelial function (Reactive Hyperemia Index from 2.1 ± 0.7 to 2.5 ± 0.8, p < 0.001) [ 58 ].…”

Section: Physical Activity and Exercise After The Diagnosis Of Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncology and Cardiac Rehabilitation: An Underrated Relationship

Venturini

Iannuzzo

D’Andrea

et al. 2020

JCM

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Cancer and cardiovascular diseases are globally the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. These conditions are closely related, beyond that of sharing many risk factors. The term bidirectional relationship indicates that cardiovascular diseases increase the likelihood of getting cancer and vice versa. The biological and biochemical pathways underlying this close relationship will be analyzed. In this new overlapping scenario, physical activity and exercise are proven protective behaviors against both cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Many observational studies link an increase in physical activity to a reduction in either the development or progression of cancer, as well as to a reduction in risk in cardiovascular diseases, a non-negligible cause of death for long-term cancer survivors. Exercise is an effective tool for improving cardio-respiratory fitness, quality of life, psychological wellbeing, reducing fatigue, anxiety and depression. Finally, it can counteract the toxic effects of cancer therapy. The protection obtained from physical activity and exercise will be discussed in the various stages of the cancer continuum, from diagnosis, to adjuvant therapy, and from the metastatic phase to long-term effects. Particular attention will be paid to the shelter against chemotherapy, radiotherapy, cardiovascular risk factors or new onset cardiovascular diseases. Cardio-Oncology Rehabilitation is an exercise-based multi-component intervention, starting from the model of Cardiac Rehabilitation, with few modifications, to improve care and the prognosis of a patient’s cancer. The network of professionals dedicated to Cardiac Rehabilitation is a ready-to-use resource, for implementing Cardio-Oncology Rehabilitation.

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Section: Physical Activity and Exercise After The Diagnosis Of Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncology and Cardiac Rehabilitation: An Underrated Relationship

Venturini

Iannuzzo

D’Andrea

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…Therefore, endothelial dysfunction is considered an early sign of arteriosclerosis. Current studies have indicated that endothelial dysfunction can also explain the phenomenon of abnormal intratumoral perfusion and also plays a key role in regulating tumor growth and spread (Pugliese & Masi, 2020).…”

Section: Effect Of Nanoparticles On the Function Of Cardiovascular Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress on toxicity, function, and mechanism of metal oxide nanoparticles on vascular endothelial cells

Wang

Tang

2020

J of Applied Toxicology

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Metal oxide nanoparticles present stable and unique performance that makes them suitable for various biomedical applications. There are four common exposure ways that nanoparticles enter our body: injection, inhalation, skin penetration, and ingestion. Among them, injection, ingestion, and skin routes may become significant ways for nano‐scale treatment and cosmetics, and inhalation is the essential way for occupational exposure. All those nanoparticles could pass through the exposure routes and enter the circulation, which could cause damage on the cardiovascular system. So it is necessary to evaluate the toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles and to explore the mechanism. This review chose four commonly used nanometal oxides to discuss about the toxicity they produced, the function they affected, and the mechanisms on cardiovascular endothelial cells. First, we discussed the toxicity they caused. These nanoparticles are less toxic when applied in low doses, but owing to the small particle size and large specific surface area, acute exposure or the metal ions released by nanoparticles will lead to phenotypic changes of endothelial cells, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. An endothelial cell is an essential part of blood vessels and could act as a barrier, maintain vascular tension, and keep the balance between coagulation and anticoagulation. Once vascular endothelium is injured or exposed to vascular risk factors, it would cause endothelial activation, endothelial dysfunction, and nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) dysfunction, which are closely related to the cardiovascular disease. Finally, we talked about the mechanisms by four levels, and we especially mentioned inflammation, the production of reactive oxygen species, and NO.

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