The emerging role of long non-coding RNAs in HIV infection

Lazar, Daniel C.; Morris, Kevin V.; Saayman, Sheena

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2015.07.023

Cited by 39 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…SFPQ is required for proper expression of several innate immune related genes, including IL8, RIG-I and MDA5. Increase of NEAT1 by HIV and other viruses, increases paraspeckles, decreases available SFPQ and augments IL8 and other antiviral factors (Landeras-Bueno and Ortín, 2015; Lazar et al, 2015) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Viruses and Lncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example the expression of X protein (HBx) from Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in cultured cells or transgenic mice, leads to the downregulation of the tumor suppressor lncRNA DREH (down-regulated expression by HBx) (Huang et al, 2013; Moyo et al, 2015). Similarly, expression of Nef at early times post-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reduces expression of the lncRNA NRON (noncoding repressor of nuclear factor of T cells (NFAT)) (Imam et al, 2015; Lazar et al, 2015). As NRON is a repressor of NFAT, decreased levels of NRON allow NFAT-mediated transcription of HIV genes at early times post-infection.…”

Section: Viruses and Lncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antisense HIV transcripts repress HIV expression (Kobayashi-Ishihara et al, 2012; Saayman et al, 2014) by binding silencing factors such as DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3a), EZH2 and HDAC1 (histone deacetylase 1) (Lazar et al, 2015). EBER2 can also localize to specific sites of DNA to guide a transcription factor (Lee et al 2015; Tycowski et al, 2015).…”

Section: Viruses and Lncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complex keeps NFAT phosphorylated and retained in the cytoplasm. Upon NRON depletion, NFAT can be dephosphorylated by calcineurin and translocated to the nucleus to activate expression of several host and HIV virus genes (Lazar et al, 2015; Aune and Spurlock, 2015). …”

Section: Viruses and Lncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be especially relevant for those lncRNAs that are expressed in latent infections, with the aim of eliminating latency-infected populations (Lazar et al, 2015). Similarly, virus-related lncRNAs secreted into the serum may serve as prognostic markers for disease progression.…”

Section: Final Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long noncoding RNAs in viral infections

2016

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Viral infections induce strong modifications in the cell transcriptome. Among the RNAs whose expression is altered by infection are long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). LncRNAs are transcripts with potential to function as RNA molecules. Infected cells may express viral lncRNAs, cellular lncRNAs and chimeric lncRNAs formed by viral and cellular sequences. Some viruses express viral lncRNAs whose function is essential for viral viability. They are transcribed by polymerase II or III and some of them can be processed by unique maturation steps performed by host cell machineries. Some viral lncRNAs control transcription, stability or translation of cellular and viral genes. Surprisingly, similar functions can be exerted by cellular lncRNAs induced by infection. Expression of cellular lncRNAs may be altered in response to viral replication or viral protein expression. However, many cellular lncRNAs respond to the antiviral pathways induced by infection. In fact, many lncRNAs function as positive or negative regulators of the innate antiviral response. Our current knowledge about the identity and function of lncRNAs in infected cells is very limited. However, research into this field has already helped in the identification of novel cellular pathways and may help in the development of therapeutic tools for the treatment of viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurological disorders and cancer.

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Section: Viruses and Lncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viruses and Lncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viruses and Lncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viruses and Lncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Final Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long noncoding RNAs in viral infections

2016

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Long noncoding RNAs: Novel regulators of virus‐host interactions

Liu

et al. 2019

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a key class of cellular regulators, involved in the modulation and control of multiple biological processes. Distinct classes of lncRNAs are now known to be induced by host cytokines following viral infections.Current evidence demonstrates that lncRNAs play essential roles at the hostpathogen interface regulating viral infections by either innate immune responses at various levels including activation of pathogen recognition receptors or by epigenetic, transcriptional, and posttranscriptional effects. We review the newly described mechanisms underlying the interactions between lncRNAs, cytokines, and metabolites differentially expressed following viral infections; we highlight the regulatory networks of host antiviral responses and emphasize the need for interdisciplinary research between lncRNA biology and immunology to deepen understanding of viral pathogenesis.

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The long non-coding RNA H19: an active player with multiple facets to sustain the hallmarks of cancer

Lecerf

Bourhis

Adriaenssens

2019

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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Cancer cells exhibit hallmarks in terms of proliferation, resistance to cell death, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and genomic instability. Despite the progress in cancer research and the comprehension of tumorigenesis mechanisms, cancer remains a major issue in public health. A better understanding of the molecular factors associated with the appearance or progression of cancer may allow the development of therapeutic alternatives. Increasing data highlight the role of long noncoding RNAs in many diseases, including cancer. The long non-coding RNA H19 was the first discovered riboregulator, and it has been shown to be involved at multiple steps of tumorigenesis. Indeed, this lncRNA exert its action at various molecular scales. Understanding the role of H19 in cancer progression may allow to set up therapeutic strategies to prevent tumor expansion and metastatic dissemination. In this review, we will summarize the overexpression of the long non-coding RNA H19 in several types of cancer and the multiple implications of the long non-coding RNA H19 in the different hallmarks that define human cancer. KeywordslncRNA • H19 • Hallmarks of cancer • Proliferation • Metastasis • miRNA Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences * Eric Adriaenssens

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The emerging role of long non-coding RNAs in HIV infection

Cited by 39 publications

References 120 publications

Long noncoding RNAs in viral infections

Long noncoding RNAs in viral infections

Long noncoding RNAs: Novel regulators of virus‐host interactions

The long non-coding RNA H19: an active player with multiple facets to sustain the hallmarks of cancer

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