“…Greenfield opposed logical positivism, seeing social reality as a human invention and proposed a humane science of EAL (e.g., Culbertson, 1988; Greenfield & Ribbins, 1993). Other scholarly works that spurred rethinking and deliberation, although to differing degrees, included Critical Theory of EAL proposed by Bates and Foster in the 1980s (Bates, 2010) and Naturalistic Coherentism of Evers and Lakomski (1996) from 1990 to the present time, which developed beyond the logical empiricist models of the past and reduced EAL theory to a natural science leading to the evolution of various forms of post‐modernist theory (Bates, 2010; English, 2003; Humes & Bryce, 2003; Maxcy, 2001; Nudzor, 2009); post‐structuralism (Niesche & Gowlett, 2015; Niesche & Gowlett, 2019; Niesche & Heffernan, 2020; Zembylas, 2011); feminism (Blackmore, 2010; Fuller, 2022; Smyth, 1989; Strachan, 1999, 2010; Young & Skrla, 2003); anti‐racism (Aveling, 2007; Diem & Welton, 2020; Lopez & Jean‐Marie, 2021; Welton et al., 2019; Young & Laible, 2000); postcolonialism (Hickling‐Hudson, 2006; Lopez & Rugano, 2018; Samier, 2021); and relationality (Eacott, 2018; Heffernan et al., 2022; Regan & Brooks, 1995). These debates promoted thinking about ways of knowing, doing and being in the social world, which have been most effective in advancing scholarship.…”