The end of a mythâ€”Bt (Cry1Ab) maize does not harm green lacewings

Romeis, Jörg; Meissle, Michael; Naranjo, Steven E.; Li, Yunhe; Bigler, F.

doi:10.3389/fpls.2014.00391

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The most common species found throughout Europe is C. carnea (Duelli 2001;Meissle et al 2012;Porcel et al 2013;Romeis et al 2014), which is in fact a complex of cryptic, sibling species that are reproductively isolated by their mating songs (Duelli 2001;Henry et al 2001). C. carnea species are considered an important biological control agent due to the larvae voracious feeding capacity, excellent searching ability, wide distribution, ease of massrearing, greater adaptability in field than other predators and tolerance to a wide range of ecological factors (Sunby 1966;Bond 1980;Tauber et al 2000;Senior and McEwen 2001;Pappas et al 2011;Porcel et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ten naturally occurring sugars on the reproductive success of the green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea

et al. 2015

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The longevity and reproduction of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) when fed on ten naturally occurring sugars and on an artificial diet composed by honey and pollen (1:1) were evaluated. The effect of these diets differed between sexes. However insects of both sexes lived longer when fed on fructose than on sucrose, melezitose or raffinose. None of the females oviposited when offered raffinose, galactose or mannose. Moreover, lifetime fecundity of females fed on trehalose was not different from the artificial diet. The intrinsic rate of natural increase did not differ between trehalose, maltose, melibiose, fructose, glucose and artificial diet, being significantly lower for individuals fed on melezitose and sucrose. The importance of these results for the selection of natural sugar sources that enhance C. carnea effectiveness as a biological control agent against crop pests is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ten naturally occurring sugars on the reproductive success of the green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea

et al. 2015

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“…More details regarding the prey quality‐mediated effects of Bt proteins on predators can be found in a recent review article by Romeis et al . (). Similarly, results of field surveys indicated no significant difference between non‐ Bt rice fields and Cry1Ab/Ac‐ Cry1C‐ or Cry2A‐expressing Bt rice fields on population dynamics of predatory arthropods (Akhtar et al ., ; Lu et al ., ; Xu et al ., ).…”

Section: Issues Facing Adoption Of Bt Rice In Chinamentioning

confidence: 97%

The development and status of Bt rice in China

Hallerman

Liu

et al. 2015

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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SummaryMultiple lines of transgenic rice expressing insecticidal genes from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been developed in China, posing the prospect of increases in production with decreased application of pesticides. We explore the issues facing adoption of Bt rice for commercial production in China. A body of safety assessment work on Bt rice has shown that Bt rice poses a negligible risk to the environment and that Bt rice products are as safe as non-Bt control rice products as food. China has a relatively well-developed regulatory system for risk assessment and management of genetically modified (GM) plants; however, decision-making regarding approval of commercial production has become politicized, and two Bt rice lines that otherwise were ready have not been allowed to enter the Chinese agricultural system. We predict that Chinese farmers would value the prospect of increased yield with decreased use of pesticide and would readily adopt production of Bt rice. That Bt rice lines may not be commercialized in the near future we attribute to social pressures, largely due to the low level of understanding and acceptance of GM crops by Chinese consumers. Hence, enhancing communication of GM crop science-related issues to the public is an important, unmet need. While the dynamics of each issue are particular to China, they typify those in many countries where adoption of GM crops has been not been rapid; hence, the assessment of these dynamics might inform resolution of these issues in other countries.

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“…China has devoted great effort and financial resources to develop GE maize lines and has made significant progress in breeding new varieties of GE maize. Therefore, many new GE maize events and varieties have been extensively evaluated for their resistance to target pests and also for their potential risks to the environment (Romeis et al ., ). One risk associated with the planting of Bt crops is their potential effects on non‐target organisms, especially predators and parasitoids responsible for the biological control of insect pests (Lu et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Does Bt maize expressing Cry1Ac protein have adverse effects on the parasitoid Macrocentrus cingulum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)?

Wang

et al. 2016

Insect Science

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The potential effects of insect-resistant, genetically engineered (GE) crops on non-target organisms, especially on predators and parasitoids, must be evaluated before their commercial cultivation. The effects of GE maize that produces Cry1Ac toxin on the parasitoid Macrocentrus cingulum were assessed by direct bioassay and indirect bioassay. In the indirect bioassay, parasitism rate, cocoon weight and the number of M. cingulum progeny produced per host were significantly reduced when M. cingulum-parasitized Cry1Ac-susceptible Ostrinia furnacalis were fed a diet containing purified Cry1Ac; however, life-table parameters of M. cingulum were not adversely affected when the same assay was performed with Cry1Ac-resistant O. furnacalis. These results indicated that the detrimental effects detected with a Cry1Ac-susceptible host were mediated by poor host quality. In a direct bioassay, no difference in life-table parameters were detected when M. cingulum adults were directly fed a 20% honey solution with or without Cry1Ac; however, survival and longevity were significantly reduced when M. cingulum adults were fed a honey solution containing potassium arsenate, which was used as a positive control. The stability and bioactivity of Cry1Ac toxin in the food sources and Cry1Ac toxin uptake by the host insect and parasitoid were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and sensitive-insect bioassays. Our results demonstrate that M. cingulum is not sensitive to Cry1Ac toxin at concentrations exceeding those encountered in Bacillus thuringiensis maize fields. This study also demonstrates the power of using resistant hosts when assessing the risk of genetically modified plants on non-target organisms and will be useful for assessing other non-target impacts.

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The end of a mythâ€”Bt (Cry1Ab) maize does not harm green lacewings

Cited by 34 publications

References 80 publications

Effects of ten naturally occurring sugars on the reproductive success of the green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea

Effects of ten naturally occurring sugars on the reproductive success of the green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea

The development and status of Bt rice in China

Does Bt maize expressing Cry1Ac protein have adverse effects on the parasitoid Macrocentrus cingulum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)?

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