The endogenous mex-3 3´UTR is required for germline repression and contributes to optimal fecundity in C. elegans

Albarqi, Mennatallah M. Y.; Ryder, Seán

doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1009775

Cited by 8 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Intriguingly, spatiotemporal expression of MEX-3 is regulated through its 3′UTR in the germline ( Merritt et al, 2008 ; Kaymak et al, 2016 ). Deleting majority of its 3′UTR at the endogenous locus results in significant de-repression of MEX-3 throughout the germline and a modest reduction in brood size ( Albarqi and Ryder, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of RNA-binding proteins in orchestrating germline development in Caenorhabditis elegans

Albarqi

Ryder²

2023

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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RNA passed from parents to progeny controls several aspects of early development. The germline of the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans contains many families of evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that target the untranslated regions of mRNA transcripts to regulate their translation and stability. In this review, we summarize what is known about the binding specificity of C. elegans germline RNA-binding proteins and the mechanisms of mRNA regulation that contribute to their function. We examine the emerging role of miRNAs in translational regulation of germline and embryo development. We also provide an overview of current technology that can be used to address the gaps in our understanding of RBP regulation of mRNAs. Finally, we present a hypothetical model wherein multiple 3′UTR-mediated regulatory processes contribute to pattern formation in the germline to ensure the proper and timely localization of germline proteins and thus a functional reproductive system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of RNA-binding proteins in orchestrating germline development in Caenorhabditis elegans

Albarqi

Ryder²

2023

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…GLD-1 represses the translation of maternally supplied transcripts (such as Pal-1), possibly immediately after the ribosomes have loaded on the mRNAs, to maintain the germ cell identity and block the propagation of maternal transcripts into early embryos. Also, GLD-1 simultaneously represses translation of RBP Mex through its 3′UTR, supporting Mex expression and repressive function only in the proximal part of the gonads ( Mootz et al, 2004 ; Albarqi and Ryder, 2021 ).…”

Section: Post-transcriptional Regulation Mrnas Poised For Translation and Rna-binding Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Evolution of the Neocortex Through RNA-Binding Proteins and Post-transcriptional Regulation

Salamon

Rašin

2022

Front. Neurosci.

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The human neocortex is undoubtedly considered a supreme accomplishment in mammalian evolution. It features a prenatally established six-layered structure which remains plastic to the myriad of changes throughout an organism’s lifetime. A fundamental feature of neocortical evolution and development is the abundance and diversity of the progenitor cell population and their neuronal and glial progeny. These evolutionary upgrades are partially enabled due to the progenitors’ higher proliferative capacity, compartmentalization of proliferative regions, and specification of neuronal temporal identities. The driving force of these processes may be explained by temporal molecular patterning, by which progenitors have intrinsic capacity to change their competence as neocortical neurogenesis proceeds. Thus, neurogenesis can be conceptualized along two timescales of progenitors’ capacity to (1) self-renew or differentiate into basal progenitors (BPs) or neurons or (2) specify their fate into distinct neuronal and glial subtypes which participate in the formation of six-layers. Neocortical development then proceeds through sequential phases of proliferation, differentiation, neuronal migration, and maturation. Temporal molecular patterning, therefore, relies on the precise regulation of spatiotemporal gene expression. An extensive transcriptional regulatory network is accompanied by post-transcriptional regulation that is frequently mediated by the regulatory interplay between RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). RBPs exhibit important roles in every step of mRNA life cycle in any system, from splicing, polyadenylation, editing, transport, stability, localization, to translation (protein synthesis). Here, we underscore the importance of RBP functions at multiple time-restricted steps of early neurogenesis, starting from the cell fate transition of transcriptionally primed cortical progenitors. A particular emphasis will be placed on RBPs with mostly conserved but also divergent evolutionary functions in neural progenitors across different species. RBPs, when considered in the context of the fascinating process of neocortical development, deserve to be main protagonists in the story of the evolution and development of the neocortex.

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“…B . The deletion allele that re-moves 624 of the 689 nucleotides of the 3’UTR was made this strain background (WRM52) (Albarqi and Ryder, 2021). C .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stored maternal mRNAs are regulated in cis by elements found within their untranslated regions and in trans by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). In C. elegans, the germline undergoes several important transitions, including a switch from mitosis to meiosis, a transition from individual germ cells to a syncytial state, differentiation into either sperm or eggs, and the maturation of oocytes (Albarqi and Ryder, 2022). Following fertilization, embryos undergo transitions that govern body axis formation, segregation of the germline from somatic cells, and cell fate specification prior to zygotic gene activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Themex-33’ untranslated region is essential for reproduction during temperature stress

Brown,

Varderesian,

Keane

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Organisms must sense temperature and modify their physiology to ensure survival during environmental stress. Elevated temperature leads to reduced fertility in most sexually reproducing organisms. Maternally supplied mRNAs are required for embryogenesis. They encode proteins that govern early events in embryonic patterning. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are major effectors of maternal mRNA regulation. MEX-3 is a conserved RBP essential for anterior patterning of Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. We previously demonstrated that the mex-3 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) represses MEX-3 abundance in the germline yet is dispensable for fertility. Here, we show that the 3'UTR becomes essential during thermal stress. Deletion of the 3'UTR causes a highly penetrant temperature sensitive embryonic lethality phenotype distinct from a mex-3 null. Loss of the 3'UTR decreases MEX-3 abundance specifically in maturing oocytes and early embryos experiencing temperature stress, suggesting a mechanism that regulates MEX-3 abundance at the oocyte-to-embryo transition is sensitive to temperature. We propose that a primary role of the mex-3 3'UTR is to buffer MEX-3 expression to ensure viability during fluctuating temperature. We hypothesize that a major role of maternally supplied mRNAs is to ensure robust expression of key cell fate determinants in uncertain conditions.

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The endogenous mex-3 3´UTR is required for germline repression and contributes to optimal fecundity in C. elegans

Cited by 8 publications

References 86 publications

The role of RNA-binding proteins in orchestrating germline development in Caenorhabditis elegans

The role of RNA-binding proteins in orchestrating germline development in Caenorhabditis elegans

Evolution of the Neocortex Through RNA-Binding Proteins and Post-transcriptional Regulation

Themex-33’ untranslated region is essential for reproduction during temperature stress

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