The Energy-Efficient Control Solutions of Smart Street Lighting Systems: A Review, Issues, and Recommendations

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“…However, when the network topology does not change much and the node status is stable, if the message is sent according to the original broadcast cycle, unnecessary operations will occur, resulting in a large amount of redundant network overhead and energy consumption [29]. If the network topology changes frequently, the network fluctuates greatly, and the node status is unstable, the originally set message-sending interval will make OLSR unable to update the network status in time, resulting in network performance degradation.…”

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“…PP: 387-406 Volume (7), Issue (2), December 2023 ISSN 2520-7377 (Online), ISSN 2520-5102 (Print) d-Enhancing the aesthetics and vibrancy of the community [12,33]. e-Modern parking meters can collect valuable data about parking behavior, which can be used to optimize parking policies and urban planning decisions [6,12,34,35].…”

“…Digital Payment: In contemporary setups, modern parking machines have embraced digital payment methods, encompassing credit/debit cards and mobile payments. This evolution allows for greater convenience, offering users the option to pay using electronic means, either alongside or in lieu of physical coins [6,12,34]. 2.…”

“…Addressing this challenge requires a comprehensive approach that combines innovative technologies, urban planning strategies, and sustainable transportation solutions [4,5]. By acknowledging the importance of efficient parking systems in our modern cities, we can pave the way for smoother traffic flow, reduced environmental impact, and enhanced quality of life for urban dwellers [4,12]. This research will specifically focus on the quantity and locations of parking spaces, as the scarcity of available parking spots leads to traffic complications, notably vehicles parking on main roads, consequently causing congestion.…”