The Energy-Efficient Operation Problem of a Freight Train Considering Long-Distance Steep Downhill Sections

Lin, Xuan; Wang, Hongtao; Wang, Pengling; Sun, Pengfei; Feng, Xiaoyun

doi:10.3390/en10060794

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The pneumatic braking force characteristics are complex, so only its boundary value is considered as a constant. Since pneumatic braking with minimum pressure reduction (50kPa) could make the train speed decrease in China, the F mmax (v) defined in the paper is 17% of the emergency brake value, which is the braking force with pressure reduction of 50kPa (17). Then the control variables should be satisfied…”

Section: Train Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Objective Trajectory Optimization for Freight Trains Based on Quadratic Programming

Bai

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2020

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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The overspeed protection, smooth driving, punctuality, and energy efficiency of freight trains largely depend on their trajectory optimization. This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization model, which maximizes the weighted sum of energy efficiency, punctuality, and driving smoothness. Model constraints systematically cover many practical conditions, including varying line resistance, overspeed protection, discrete neutral zones, and nonlinear traction and electric braking characteristics. Electric braking and pneumatic braking are distinguished in the freight train model, and the utilization of feedback braking energy is also considered. By nonlinear approximation, the proposed multi-objective optimization model is solved by the quadratic programming (QP) algorithm, and optimized trajectories are obtained. Numerical simulation demonstrates the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method. Comparisons with two actual trials show that the energy efficiency and driving smoothness of the proposed method are better than that of the drivers’ operation with the same journey time. In addition, the algorithm has a short computation time, which has the potential to be integrated for on-board devices such as the driver advisory system (DAS).

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Section: Train Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since pneumatic braking has the minimum pressure reduction and it cannot be continuously adjusted, the smooth change only considers the traction force and the electric braking force (17). F t,0 and F d,0 are the initial traction force and electric braking force.…”

Section: Multi-objective Optimization Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Objective Trajectory Optimization for Freight Trains Based on Quadratic Programming

Bai

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2020

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…However, it is hard to obtain the accurate quantitative relationship between the energy efficiency and the influence factors. Hence, the equivalent efficiency is expressed as constant values [31], which is obtained from experience.…”

Section: Tram Movement Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Optimization of Speed Profiles and Power Split for a Tram with Hybrid Energy Storage Systems on a Signalized Route

et al. 2018

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Abstract:A tram with on-board hybrid energy storage systems based on batteries and supercapacitors is a new option for the urban traffic system. This configuration enables the tram to operate in both catenary zones and catenary-free zones, and the storage of regenerative braking energy for later usage. This paper presents a multiple phases integrated optimization (MPIO) method for the coordination of speed profiles and power split considering the signal control strategy. The objective is to minimize the equivalent total energy consumption of all the power sources, which includes both the energy from the traction substation and energy storage systems. The constraints contain running time, variable gradients and curves, speed limits, power balance and signal time at some intersections. The integrated optimization problem is formulated as a multiple phases model based on the characters of the signalized route. An integrated calculation framework, using hp-adaptive pseudospectral method, is proposed for the integrated optimization problem. The effectiveness of the method is verified under fixed time signal (FTS) control strategy and tram priority signal (TPS) control strategy. Illustrative results show that this method can be successfully applied for trams with hybrid energy storage systems to improve their energy efficiency.

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“…Lin et al. [25] analysed the energy‐efficient operation of freight trains in long‐distance steep downhill sections with air‐filled time constraints. Zhou et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy‐efficient train operation with steep track and speed limits: A novel Pontryagin's maximum principle‐based approach for adjoint variable discontinuity cases

Ying

Zeng

Song

et al. 2021

IET Intelligent Trans Sys

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In this study, an energy-efficient speed trajectory planner is proposed for high-speed trains traveling on tracks with steep gradients and speed limits, especially for situations in which the speed limit has been reached, which causes adjoint variable discontinuity during calculation. New optimal switching rules at points where the speed limit is reached on steep tracks are derived by analysing the jump condition of state-constrained Pontryagin's maximum principle. Accordingly, a novel two-step algorithm for high-speed trains, including an optimal-cruise minimum-time algorithm and search-substitution algorithm, is designed to solve dynamic train models considering time-energy and space-energy conversions, respectively. Practical case studies demonstrates that the proposed method can save energy by approximately 3% and 10% in comparison to the approximate-optimal time-satisfied and minimum running time strategies, respectively. Moreover, the proposed method approximately consumes 0.98% and 1.62% of the computation time taken by discrete dynamic programming and reinforcement learning, respectively. INTRODUCTIONAccording to the statistical bulletins published by China Rail Corporation in 2019, the total operational length of high-speed railways has increased to 35,000 km, which accounts for 75% of global high-speed rail. With more than 2.29 billion trips made by high-speed rail, tremendous energy is consumed to meet the transportation demands [1]. From the perspective of environ-This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The Energy-Efficient Operation Problem of a Freight Train Considering Long-Distance Steep Downhill Sections

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Multi-Objective Trajectory Optimization for Freight Trains Based on Quadratic Programming

Multi-Objective Trajectory Optimization for Freight Trains Based on Quadratic Programming

Integrated Optimization of Speed Profiles and Power Split for a Tram with Hybrid Energy Storage Systems on a Signalized Route

Energy‐efficient train operation with steep track and speed limits: A novel Pontryagin's maximum principle‐based approach for adjoint variable discontinuity cases

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