The Entitlement Approach: A Case for Framework Development Rather than Demolition: A Comment on ‘Entitlement Failure and Deprivation: A Critique of Sen's Famine Philosophy'

Rubin, Olivier

doi:10.1080/00220380802649947

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The hunger riots in Cameroon are the result of the conjunction of two converging processes of tension. On the one hand, it is a process resulting from the cumulative dynamics of systemic dysfunction of supply functions (Rubin, 2009). On the other hand, it is a question of the contraction of political consultation frameworks concerning the abolition of presidential term limits, which is still marked by the prevalence of strategic, collusive and conflictual interactions between actors from different socio-political backgrounds, but who have found themselves dynamically congraphicd in the political field around this abolition according to the criterion of legitimacy or illegitimacy.…”

Section: Hunger Riots At the Crossroads Of Socio-political And Econom...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamics of food security policy in Cameroon (2008-2019)

Moudio¹

2021

AJPPA

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Purpose: This article intends to examine the improvement in fighting against food insecurity in Cameroon since February 2008, a period marked with so-called hunger riots. In response to this, and in order to reply satisfactorily to this social crisis and the security that predates it, the government set up, at the end of 2008, the national food security programme (NFSP). This programme, which is the site of our empirical investigation, has undergone some vicissitudes and a marked evolution up to now. Methodology: Based on Using participant observation, non-reactive data collection techniques and socio-historical analysis, the article highlights the concept of the food security policy process, which does not escape the enlightening analytical framework of the advocacy coalition framework. It proposes, based on the analysis of the interpenetration of the NFSP by state and others institutional actors, to outline the contours of a category of negotiated and incremental food security policy process. Findings: Therefore to improve the food security policy process, a social division of labour is needed between the decision-making centre – the Inter-ministerial Committee on Food Security (CISA) and the Steering Committee (COPIL) – and the technical expertise centre – the Technical Group on Food Security (GTSA). Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The NFSP should play a more synthesizing role between these two centres in terms of the framework for the elaboration of the national food security policy strategy.

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Section: Hunger Riots At the Crossroads Of Socio-political And Econom...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamics of food security policy in Cameroon (2008-2019)

Moudio¹

2021

AJPPA

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“…These scholars would later characterise early critiques as failing to advance the debate (Ravallion, 1997;Drèze, 1999;Devereux, 2001), while also acknowledging the difficulty in understanding how entitlements should be thought-about in relation to measures of food supply. Later evaluations and critiques (Devereux, 2001;Murugan, 2003;Eliar, 2006;Rubin, 2009) helped to re-centre critical response upon the four critiques of the explanatory scope of entitlements that Sen himself originally set out (Sen, 1981: 48-50); firstly, "ambiguities in the specification of entitlements"; secondly, illegal "extra-entitlement" transfers; thirdly, "ignorance, fixed food habits or apathy"; and fourthly, famine deaths not (directly) related to starvation, such as those resulting from morbidity. De Waal's research (de Waal and Whiteside, 2003;de Waal, 2005) into the causes of mortality during famine situations in Darfur helped to better understand linkages between food supply, poverty and mortality.…”

Section: Formalising the Entitlements Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Development and 'Transition' among Food-Supported Producers in Ethiopia: A Comparative Case Study

Jackson¹

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<p>Ethiopia is synonymous with protracted drought, natural resource degradation, and hunger and impoverished livelihoods among many millions of farm-based producers. Since 1971, the Government of Ethiopia and foreign donors have channelled food aid and administrative and extension support to relief and rehabilitation projects for improved natural resource management. One such intervention is MERET-PLUS (Managing Environmental Resources to Enable Transition to more sustainable livelihoods through Partnership and Land User Solidarity), a long-standing, watershed-based food-for-assets development project. In its latest form, MERET-PLUS like many similar 'new generation' food-funded natural resource management interventions has multiple positive impacts, both for targeted watershed areas, and for the inhabitants of these areas. In spite of this, successfully enabling 'transition' of participants from receiving food aid remains highly problematic. Transition has not received sufficient attention in programming or - until recently - in academic literature. Partly for this reason, such interventions often lack an agreed, coherent definition of transition, a strategy for achieving such transition, and a means of measuring progress toward transition. Recognising potential for transition to advance policy and practice for such projects, I critically evaluate transition as an inherent objective of the current phase of MERET-PLUS, through the positional lens of my internship with a major donor to the project, the World Food Programme (WFP). I use four case study woredas as talking points, and use quantitative and qualitative information gathered from extensive research from site- through to federallevel. I wish to answer two research questions about transition through this research. Firstly: to what extent has 'enabling transition' in MERET-PLUS been developed as a concept, in policy or strategy, and as an understood and measurable concept? And secondly: what place does transition have in the MERETPLUS project? In relation to the first question, this research presents four main findings. Firstly, formal strategy for transitioning MERET-PLUS beneficiaries from project support has been formed only after thirty years of continuous food support. In many ways, this reflects the legacy of continued difficulties in linking relief, rehabilitation and development - and of achieving real development and independent capacities to sustain this development - through food-supported programming. Secondly, there are currently diverse interests in transition across all levels of the MERET-PLUS project, which must be factored-in to any strategy for implementation. In sub-federal government offices for example, strategy for transition is formed by observing the particular contexts of particular successful sites within their area. By contrast, at federal level, in the WFP Country Office, strategy for transition tends to be formed as part of instrumental programming goals. Thirdly, two particular components of MERET-PLUS make it difficult to conceive of transition as inherent in programming, or as an instrument introduced from higher levels. First, the integrated nature of MERET-PLUS, with a wide range of activities for land and water-source rehabilitation and human livelihood improvement, makes it difficult to conceive of one, integrated strategy for transition. Second, the holistic, participatory approaches to targeting project assistance and planning project activities make instrumental approaches to transition inappropriate. 'Transition as inherent' and 'transition as instrumental' approaches represent unrealised potential for scalable improvements of project impacts, coupled with the challenge of building the kind of concerted confidence required among beneficiaries, planners, leaders and government agencies. Fourthly and finally, information from project beneficiaries, planning teams, and project managers at higher levels has highlighted the importance of asset-based measures of communities' and households' livelihoods in assessing readiness for transition. Communication and planning for transition with engaged beneficiaries remains an important challenge, and one which has not been sufficiently understood in the literature. The goal of 'enabling transition' in MERET-PLUS is as yet unrealised in practice and at scale. A number of factors indicate real potential for transition in case study areas, including income generation from collective farm-based activities, and more broadly, confidence and belief among beneficiaries in improving their livelihoods through available project activities. As a snapshot of potential to 'enable transition', this research contributes practice-based insights for progressively phasing out "outsiders" assistance to vulnerable communities.</p>

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A Forgotten Drought and Famine in East Africa, 1883–1885

Rockel

2022

Droughts, Floods, and Global Climatic Anomalies in the Indian Ocean World

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The Entitlement Approach: A Case for Framework Development Rather than Demolition: A Comment on ‘Entitlement Failure and Deprivation: A Critique of Sen's Famine Philosophy'

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

The dynamics of food security policy in Cameroon (2008-2019)

The dynamics of food security policy in Cameroon (2008-2019)

Enabling Development and 'Transition' among Food-Supported Producers in Ethiopia: A Comparative Case Study

A Forgotten Drought and Famine in East Africa, 1883–1885

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