The environments of luminous radio-WISE selected infrared galaxies

Penney, Jordan Iain; Blain, A. W.; Wylezalek, Dominika; Hatch, N. A.; Lonsdale, C. J.; Kimball, Amy; Assef, Roberto J.; Condon, J. J.; Eisenhardt, Peter; Jones, Sarah; Kim, M.; Lacy, Mark; Muldrew, Stuart I.; Petty, Sara; Sajina, Anna; Silva, A.; Stern, Daniel; Díaz-Santos, T.; Tsai, Chris; Wu, Jinfeng

doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3128

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The sources also have high bolometric luminosity similar to those of ULIRGs and HyperLIRGs (L IR > 10 12−13 L ). They are typically found in overdense environments, suggesting some of our sources are likely to be tracers of unvirialized protocluster regions (Silva et al 2015;Jones et al 2015;Penney et al 2019), consistent with both observations (e.g., Miley & De Breuck 2008;Dannerbauer et al 2014) and simulations (e.g., Chiang et al 2017) of z > 2 radio-loud quasars. The black hole masses have been estimated from MIR-submillimeter SED modeling to be in the range log(M BH /M ) = 7.7 − 10.2 (Paper I), and from [OIII] line luminosities as a proxy for bolometric luminosity to be in the range log(M BH /M ) = 7.9 − 9.4 (Kim et al 2013;Ferris et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Radio Spectra of Luminous, Heavily Obscured WISE-NVSS Selected Quasars

Patil,

Whittle,

Nyland

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We present radio spectra spanning 0.1 − 10 GHz for the sample of heavily obscured luminous quasars with extremely red mid-infrared-optical colors and compact radio emission. The spectra are constructed from targeted 10 GHz observations and archival radio survey data, which together yield 6 − 11 flux density measurements for each object. Our suite of Python tools for modeling the radio spectra is publicly available on Github. Our primary result is that most (61%) of the sample have peaked or curved radio spectra and many (36%) could be classified as Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) sources. This indicates compact emission regions likely arising from recently triggered radio jets. Assuming synchrotron self-absorption (SSA) generates the peaks, we infer compact source sizes (3 − 100 pc) with strong magnetic fields (6 − 100 mG) and young ages (30 − 10 4 years). Conversely, free-free absorption (FFA) could also create peaks due to the high column densities associated with the deeply embedded nature of the sample. However, we find no correlations between the existence or frequency of the peaks and any parameters of the MIR emission. The high-frequency spectral indices are steep (α ≈ −1) and correlate, weakly, with the ratio of MIR photon energy density to magnetic energy density, suggesting that the spectral steepening could arise from inverse Compton scattering off the intense MIR photon field. This study provides a foundation for combining multi-frequency and mixed-resolution radio survey data for understanding the impact of young radio jets on the ISM and star formation rates of their host galaxies.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Radio Spectra of Luminous, Heavily Obscured WISE-NVSS Selected Quasars

Patil,

Whittle,

Nyland

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…We find two Hot DOGs with detections in Jones et al (2014), which have similar q IR values to W2305-0039, suggesting a possible subclass of radio-loud Hot DOGs. It should be noted that these Hot DOGs have different selection criteria than the radio-WISE selected galaxies in Lonsdale et al (2015), as shown by the selection comparison in Penney et al (2019). There are Hot DOGs in both works without detections in FIRST, with lower limits for the q-values that agree with the median values for Ivison et al (2010) and Thomson et al (2014), suggesting that these galaxies could agree with the FIRradio correlation.…”

Section: Fir-radio Correlationmentioning

confidence: 86%

Cold Molecular Gas and Free-Free Emission from Hot, Dust-Obscured Galaxies at $z$~3

Penney,

Blain,

Assef

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We report on observations of redshifted CO(1-0) line emission and observed-frame ∼ 30 GHz radio continuum emission from five ultra-luminous, mid-IR selected hot, Dust-Obscured Galaxies (Hot DOGs) at z 3 using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. We detect CO(1-0) line emission in all five Hot DOGs, with one of them at high signal to noise. We analyse FIR-radio spectral energy distributions, including dust, free-free and synchrotron emission for the galaxies. We find that most of the 115 GHz rest-frame continuum is mostly due to synchrotron or free-free emission, with only a potentially small contribution from thermal emission. We see a deficit in the rest-frame 115 GHz continuum emission compared to dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) and sub-millimetre galaxies (SMGs) at high redshift, suggesting that Hot DOGs do not have similar cold gas reserves compared with star-forming galaxies. One target, W2305-0039, is detected in the FIRST 1.4 GHz survey, and is likely to possess compact radio jets. We compare to the FIR-radio correlation, and find that at least half of the Hot DOGs in our sample are radio-quiet with respect to normal galaxies. These findings suggest that Hot DOGs have comparably less cold molecular gas than star-forming galaxies at lower, z ∼ 2 redshifts, and are dominated by powerful, yet radio-quiet AGN.

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“…With well established radio galaxies apparently found in proto-clusters (Wylezalek et al 2013;Hatch et al 2014), and the environments of RWGs showing a 4-6 times overdensity of ultraluminous, dusty, high-redshift 850 -𝜇m -selected galaxies on the sky (SMGs, e.g. Blain et al 2002;Casey et al 2014) as compared with typical blank fields (Jones et al 2015;Silva et al 2015), and a more modest overdensity of red Spitzer-IRAC-selected galaxies (Penney et al 2019). This is potentially consistent with RWGs, and these ultra-luminous, dusty AGNs in general, being found in an active, extended still-virializing filamentary proto-cluster environments over scales in excess of five arcmin (3 Mpc) consistent with theoretical models (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The black hole masses of extremely luminous radio-WISE selected galaxies

Ferris,

Blain,

Assef

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We present near-IR photometry and spectroscopy of 30 extremely luminous radio and mid-IR selected galaxies. With bolometric luminosities exceeding ∼ 10 13 L and redshifts ranging from 𝑧 = 0.880 − 2.853, we use VLT instruments X-shooter and ISAAC to investigate this unique population of galaxies. Broad multi-component emission lines are detected in 18 galaxies and we measure the near-IR lines H𝛽, [OIII]𝜆𝜆4959, 5007 and H𝛼 in six, 15 and 13 galaxies respectively, with 10 Ly𝛼 and five C lines additionally detected in the UVB arm. We use the broad [OIII]𝜆5007 emission lines as a proxy for the bolometric AGN luminosity, and derive lower limits to supermassive black hole masses of 10 7.9 -10 9.4 M with expectations of corresponding host masses of 10 10.4 -10 12.0 M .We measure 𝜆 Edd > 1 for eight of these sources at a 2𝜎 significance. Near-IR photometry and SED fitting are used to compare stellar masses directly. We detect both Balmer lines in five galaxies and use these to infer a mean visual extinction of 𝐴 𝑉 = 2.68 mag. Due to non-detections and uncertainties in our H𝛽 emission line measurements, we simulate a broad H𝛽 line of FWHM = 1480 kms −1 to estimate extinction for all sources with measured H𝛼 emission. We then use this to infer a mean 𝐴 𝑉 = 3.62 mag, demonstrating the highly-obscured nature of these galaxies, with the consequence of increasing our estimates of black-hole masses by an 0.5 orders of magnitude in the most extreme and obscured cases.

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The environments of luminous radio-WISE selected infrared galaxies

Cited by 14 publications

References 69 publications

Radio Spectra of Luminous, Heavily Obscured WISE-NVSS Selected Quasars

Radio Spectra of Luminous, Heavily Obscured WISE-NVSS Selected Quasars

Cold Molecular Gas and Free-Free Emission from Hot, Dust-Obscured Galaxies at $z$~3

The black hole masses of extremely luminous radio-WISE selected galaxies

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