The enzyme patterns of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota fungi reveal their different functions in soil

Manici, Luisa M.; Caputo, Francesco; De Sabata, Davide; Fornasier, Flavio

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105323

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Some Chytridiomycota have resistant structures that enable survival under stressful environments such as drying and heat ( Gleason et al, 2004 ). Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes are very efficient in nutrient uptake, soil aggregation, and plant residue decomposition ( Manici et al, 2024 ). Mortierellomycota can secrete and synthesize oxalic acid to dissolve mineral phosphorus into available phosphorus ( Gai et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) to bacterial soft rot infection by change of soil microbial community in root zone

Li,

Ren,

Ibrahim

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Chinese cabbage, scientifically known as Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis, is a highly popular vegetable in China for its delectable taste. However, the occurrence of bacterial soft rot disease poses a significant threat to its growth and overall development. Consequently, this study aimed to explore the defense mechanisms employed by Chinese cabbage against bacterial soft rot disease. Specifically, the investigation focused on understanding the relationship between the disease and the microbial communities present in the soil surrounding the roots of Chinese cabbage. Significant disparities were observed in the composition of microbial communities present in the root-zone soil of healthy Chinese cabbage plants compared to those affected by Pectobacterium brasiliense-caused soft rot disease. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing results revealed a lower abundance of Proteobacteria (8.39%), Acidobacteriot (0.85), Sphingomonas (3.51%), and Vicinamibacteraceae (1.48%), whereas Firmicutes (113.76%), Bacteroidota (8.71%), Chloroflexi (4.89%), Actinobacteriota (1.71%), A4b (15.52%), Vicinamibacterales (1.62%), and Gemmatimonadaceae (1.35%) were more prevalent in healthy plant soils. Similarly, the analysis of ITS gene high-throughput sequencing results indicated a reduced occurrence of Chytridiomycota (23.58%), Basidiomycota (21.80%), Plectosphaerella (86.22%), and Agaricomycetes (22.57%) in healthy soils. In comparison, Mortierellomycota (50.72%), Ascomycota (31.22%), Podospora (485.08%), and Mortierella (51.59%) were more abundant in healthy plant soils. In addition, a total of 15 bacterial strains were isolated from the root-zone soil of diseased Chinese cabbage plants. These isolated strains demonstrated the ability to fix nitrogen (with the exception of ZT20, ZT26, ZT41, ZT45, and ZT61), produce siderophores and indole acetic acid (IAA), and solubilize phosphate. Notably, ZT14 (Citrobacter freundii), ZT33 (Enterobacter cloacae), ZT41 (Myroides odoratimimus), ZT52 (Bacillus paramycoides), ZT58 (Klebsiella pasteurii), ZT45 (Klebsiella aerogenes), and ZT32 (Pseudomonas putida) exhibited significant growth-promoting effects as determined by the plant growth promotion (PGP) tests. Consequently, this investigation not only confirmed the presence of the soft rot pathogen in Chinese cabbage plants in Hangzhou, China, but also advanced our understanding of the defense mechanisms employed by Chinese cabbage to combat soft rot-induced stress. Additionally, it identified promising plant-growth-promoting microbes (PGPMs) that could be utilized in the future to enhance the Chinese cabbage industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) to bacterial soft rot infection by change of soil microbial community in root zone

Li,

Ren,

Ibrahim

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Research by Luisa M.M. et al [ 210 ] indicates that Ascomycota possess a broader spectrum of enzymes than Basidiomycota , enabling a wider utilization of organic compounds. Despite this, Ascomycota exhibit higher genetic variability within the same genus encoding the same enzymes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Impact of Coconut Peat and Vermiculite on the Rhizosphere Microbiome of Pre-Basic Seed Potatoes under Soilless Cultivation Conditions

Yan,

Ma,

Bao

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Soilless cultivation of potatoes often utilizes organic coconut peat and inorganic vermiculite as growing substrates. The unique microbial communities and physicochemical characteristics inherent to each substrate significantly influence the microecological environment crucial for potato growth and breeding. This study analyzed environmental factors within each substrate and employed Illumina sequencing alongside bioinformatics tools to examine microbial community structures, their correlation with environmental factors, core microbial functions, and the dynamics of microbial networks across various samples. These included pure coconut peat (CP1) and pure vermiculite (V1), substrates mixed with organic fertilizer for three days (CP2 and V2), and three combinations cultivated with potatoes for 50 days (CP3, V3, and CV3—a 1:1 mix of coconut peat and vermiculite with organic fertilizer). Vermiculite naturally hosts a more diverse microbial community. After mixing with fertilizer and composting for 3 days, and 50 days of potato cultivation, fungal diversity decreased in both substrates. Coconut peat maintains higher bacterial diversity and richness compared to vermiculite, harboring more beneficial bacteria and fungi, resulting in a more complex microbial network. However, vermiculite shows lower bacterial diversity and richness, with an accumulation of pathogenic microorganisms. Among the 11 environmental factors tested, water-soluble nitrogen (WSN), total nitrogen (TN), available potassium (AK), total organic carbon (TOC) and air-filled porosity (AFP) were significantly associated with microbial succession in the substrate.The nutritional type composition and interaction patterns of indigenous microorganisms differ between vermiculite and coconut peat. Adding abundant nutrients significantly affects the stability and interaction of the entire microbial community, even post-potato cultivation. When using vermiculite for soilless cultivation, precise control and adjustment of nutrient addition quantity and frequency are essential.

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“…The earlier arrival species alter resources or environmental conditions, which impact species that arrive later, affecting their ability to establish themselves in the community [50]. As the earlier arrival colonizers, many Basidiomycota fungi were able to degrade lignin organic acid and increase the accessibility of cellulose and hemicellulose [51], providing a favorable environment for the flourishing of Ascomycota [52].…”

Section: Microbial Community Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Dynamics of Fungal Communities in Alkali-Treated Round Bamboo Deterioration under Natural Weathering

Han,

An,

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Microbes naturally inhabit bamboo-based materials in outdoor environments, sequentially contributing to their deterioration. Fungi play a significant role in deterioration, especially in environments with abundant water and favorable temperatures. Alkali treatment is often employed in the pretreatment of round bamboo to change its natural elastic and aesthetic behaviors. However, little research has investigated the structure and dynamics of fungal communities on alkali-treated round bamboo during natural deterioration. In this work, high-throughput sequencing and multiple characterization methods were used to disclose the fungal community succession and characteristic alterations of alkali-treated round bamboo in both roofed and unroofed habitats throughout a 13-week deterioration period. In total, 192 fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) from six phyla were identified. The fungal community richness of roofed bamboo samples declined, whereas that of unroofed bamboo samples increased during deterioration. The phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota exhibited dominance during the entire deterioration process in two distinct environments, and the relative abundance of them combined was more than 99%. A distinct shift in fungal communities from Basidiomycota dominant in the early stage to Ascomycota dominant in the late stage was observed, which may be attributed to the increase of moisture and temperature during succession and the effect of alkali treatment. Among all environmental factors, temperature contributed most to the variation in the fungal community. The surface of round bamboo underwent continuous destruction from fungi and environmental factors. The total amount of cell wall components in bamboo epidermis in both roofed and unroofed conditions presented a descending trend. The content of hemicellulose declined sharply by 8.3% and 11.1% under roofed and unroofed environments after 9 weeks of deterioration. In addition, the contact angle was reduced throughout the deterioration process in both roofed and unroofed samples, which might be attributed to wax layer removal and lignin degradation. This study provides theoretical support for the protection of round bamboo under natural weathering.

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The enzyme patterns of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota fungi reveal their different functions in soil

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Response of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) to bacterial soft rot infection by change of soil microbial community in root zone

Response of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) to bacterial soft rot infection by change of soil microbial community in root zone

Exploring the Impact of Coconut Peat and Vermiculite on the Rhizosphere Microbiome of Pre-Basic Seed Potatoes under Soilless Cultivation Conditions

Temporal Dynamics of Fungal Communities in Alkali-Treated Round Bamboo Deterioration under Natural Weathering

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