The epidemiologic and clinical features of suspected and confirmed cases of imported 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in north Shanghai, China

Abstract

Background: A recent cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan (China) is known to be caused by a novel beta-coronavirus named the corona virus disease 2019 and can be spread through human-tohuman transmission.Methods: Data of 21 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and 84 patients with suspected COVID-19 were analyzed by RT-PCR. The epidemiologic and clinical features as well as clinical outcomes were compared between the confirmed and suspected cases.Results: Altogether 105 patients had been enrolled in this study by February 15, 2020 in north Shanghai, including 21 confirmed cases and 84 suspected cases of COVID-19. The incubation period of these confirmed patients with imported COVID-19 was 17.6 days (IQR 5-34 days) and the median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 145.64 h (IQR 21-441 h). More than 50% of the confirmed patients were older than 51 (range, 51-60) years. Fifty (59.5%) of the 84 probably patients were younger than 40 years, including 27 (32%) patients younger than 30 years. Most confirmed patients were men (61.9%, 13/21), and less than 50% of them had underlying diseases, including diabetes (9.5%, 2/21), hypertension (19%, 4/21), COPD (23.8%, 5/21), and CD (23.8%, 5/21). In addition, 10 (47.6%) of the 21 confirmed patients were ordinary employees, and 12 (57.2%) of them had recently been to Wuhan or had close contacts with people from Wuhan. Of the 84 suspected patients, 28 (33.3%) were retired employees; 69 (82.1%) had recently been to supermarkets and groceries or had a history of traveling abroad or to other cities of China. The common onset symptoms of the patients in both groups were fever and cough. The symptom of Sputum production was more pronounced in probably patients (40.5%, 34/84) than that in confirmed patients (9.5%, 2/21).More than 50% imported patients (53.3%, 56/105) had one and two affected lobes. Twenty-nine (27.6%) of the 105 imported patients had been discharged, no patient had died, and all the other patients are still in hospital. Conclusions:The overall incubation period in this cohort of imported confirmed COVID-19 patients was longer than that in Wuhan, mostly infecting older men. The disease onset of imported COVID-19 infection was occult, and the clinical symptoms were usually mild, mostly presenting as low fever, fatigue, light cough, and mild dyspnea.

Analysis of COVID-19-Related RT-qPCR Test Results in Hungary: Epidemiology, Diagnostics, and Clinical Outcome

“…These results are likely to be independent of demographic features, since they were similar among positive and negative groups, except for the slightly higher rate of male participants among the positive cases. A gender difference favoring men has been observed in previous studies and suggests that the virus is more likely to infect men (23,24).…”

Clinical laboratory characteristics in patients with suspected COVID‐19: One single‐institution experience

“…Previous studies indicated that patients confirmed with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection had an older age compared to suspected patients 4,12 . Moreover, increased age was associated with death in patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection 5 .…”

Incubation Period of COVID-19 From 11545 Patients in Observation Study

“…For example, the mean incubation period is often used to calculate the reproduction number, and the maximum incubation period is the evidence to inform the duration of quarantine. In previously published studies, the mean/median incubations period of COVID-19 varied from 2.87 days 2 to 17.6 days 3 . Most patients with COVID-19 had exposure intervals longer than one day, so the exact date of their infection cannot be easily determined.…”