The Epidemiological Transition in Practice

Beemer, Jeffrey K.

doi:10.1002/9781118504338.ch5

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…These include some of the material and methodological limitations that have historically impeded analyses of past pandemics, as well as the challenges faced by biocultural analyses of past pandemics using historical evidence. Amongst other limitations, these include variable levels of diagnostic ambiguities and imprecision in the causes of death recorded for patients (see Beemer, 2014) As our findings show, the 1918 influenza pandemic greatly affected mortality patterns within the MSA. Independent of their multiple intersecting identities (i.e., race, sex, and age), patients who died during the pandemic period (1918)(1919) were significantly more likely to have a reported respiratory illness CoD T A B L E 3 Logistic regression models using key variables within the MSA DC data, for only influenza/pneumonia mortality outcomes (with odds ratio) Note: Model 1 included basic demographics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biocultural perspectives on bioarchaeological and paleopathological evidence of past pandemics

Zuckerman

Tribble

Austin

et al. 2022

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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ObjectivesPandemics have profoundly impacted human societies, but until relatively recently were a minor research focus within biological anthropology, especially within biocultural analyses. Here, we explore research in these fields, including molecular anthropology, that employs biocultural approaches, sometimes integrated with intersectionality and ecosocial and syndemic theory, to unpack relationships between social inequality and pandemics. A case study assesses the 1918 influenza pandemic's impacts on the patient population of the Mississippi State Asylum (MSA).Materials and MethodsWe survey bioarchaeological and paleopathological literature on pandemics and analyze respiratory disease mortality relative to sex, age, and social race amongst patient deaths (N = 2258) between 1912 and 1925. Logistic regression models were used to assess relationships between cause of death and odds of death during the pandemic (1918–1919).ResultsFindings include substantial respiratory mortality during the pandemic, including from influenza and influenza syndemic with pneumonia. Older patients (40–59 years, 60+ years) had lower odds (p < 0.01) of dying from respiratory disease than younger patients, as did female patients compared to males (p < 0.05). Age patterns are broadly consistent with national and state trends, while elevated mortality amongst Black and/or African American patients may reflect intersections between gender roles and race‐based structural violence in the Jim Crow South.DiscussionFuture work in biological anthropology on past pandemics may benefit from explicit incorporation of biocultural frameworks, intersectionality, and ecosocial and syndemic theory. Doing so enables holistic analyses of interactions between social context, social inequality and pandemic outcomes, generating data informative for public health responses and pandemic preparedness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%