The epidemiology, clinical course and outcome of febrile cytopenia in children

Abstract

Childhood febrile cytopenia is usually transient, of mild-to-moderate severity, and resolves spontaneously, but patients with severe cytopenia affecting ≥2 cell lines need further evaluation and follow-up.

Comparison of the etiologic, microbiologic, clinical and outcome characteristics of febrile vs. non-febrile neutropenia in hospitalized immunocompetent children

“…The percentages of patients with severe neutropenia (ANC < 0.5 cells × 10 9 /L) ranged from 8.5 to 100% (two studies [ 10 , 16 ] enrolled only patients with severe neutropenia) [ 16 – 18 ]. The rates of SBIs among the enrolled patients were reported in six studies and ranged from 1.9 to 23.6% [ 10 , 12 , 14 – 17 ]. No SBIs were reported in two studies [ 10 , 11 ].…”

“…No SBIs were reported in two studies [ 10 , 11 ]. Infectious diseases were associated with acute neutropenia in 12.1–63.8% patients [ 13 , 14 , 16 , 18 ]. Bacterial infections associated with neutropenia were reported in 5.3–21.9% patients [ 10 , 14 , 16 , 18 ].…”

“…Infectious diseases were associated with acute neutropenia in 12.1–63.8% patients [ 13 , 14 , 16 , 18 ]. Bacterial infections associated with neutropenia were reported in 5.3–21.9% patients [ 10 , 14 , 16 , 18 ]. Viral investigations were completed in five studies [ 12 – 14 , 16 , 18 ] and the isolation ranges were between 5.1 and 55% of the enrolled patients.…”

“…Bacterial infections associated with neutropenia were reported in 5.3–21.9% patients [ 10 , 14 , 16 , 18 ]. Viral investigations were completed in five studies [ 12 – 14 , 16 , 18 ] and the isolation ranges were between 5.1 and 55% of the enrolled patients. In the two studies where a detailed definitive viral diagnosis was reported, human herpes virus 6, enteroviruses, and influenza A virus [ 12 ] and RSV; influenza A; and parainfluenza 1 viruses [ 18 ] were the most commonly isolated pathogens.…”

“…In one of the two studies completed in Greece, neutropenia following a Coxackie, mumps, EBV, or RSV infection lasted for more than 1 month [ 13 ]. Malignancies associated with acute neutropenia were diagnosed in two studies [ 14 , 18 ] at rates of 0.8–2.6% and included acute lymphoblastic leukemia and myelodysplasia. The mean time for recovery of the ANC in evaluable patients ranged from 6 to 16.7 days [ 12 , 16 ].…”