The Epidemiology of Diet and Cancer

Byers, Tim; Graham, Saxon

doi:10.1016/s0065-230x(08)60014-7

Cited by 82 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 170 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In recent years there has been considerable interest in the role of micronutrients in the aetiology and prevention of human cancer (Peto et al, 1981;Sporn and Roberts, 1983;Byers and Graham, 1984). Studies on laboratory animals indicate that vitamin A deficiency increases susceptibility to chemically-induced neoplasia and that increased intake of this vitamin appears to protect against carcinogenesis (Peto et al, 1981;Sporn and Roberts, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of a population with a high incidence of oral and oesophageal cancer

Заридзе

Blettner

Trapeznikov

et al. 1985

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The results of a survey of a population with a high incidence of oral and oesophageal cancer are presented. The population under study appears to have several epidemiologic characteristics, some of which may be associated with a high incidence of oral and oesophageal cancer. A remarkably high proportion (41%) of the men surveyed were nass users and this habit, like the use of other types of tobacco mixtures, has been related to oral cancer. Oral leukoplakia and chronic oesophagitis (conditions thought to be precursors of oral and oesophageal cancer) have been diagnosed in 11% and 60%, respectively, of the persons examined. Analysis of the relationship between nass use, cigarette smoking, oral leukoplakia and oesophagitis revealed that the prevalence of oral leukoplakia is highest among cigarette smokers who use nass. It appears that nass use does not affect the frequency of occurrence of chronic oesophagitis. However, a slight elevation of the prevalence odds ratio was observed for current smokers and drinkers. Biochemical analysis of the blood of a random sample of the surveyed population revealed low levels of riboflavin, vitamin A and carotenoids--vitamins that most probably have a protective effect against the development of cancer. The mutagenicity test has shown that nass contains a chemical or chemicals that exert a genotoxic effect. Chemical analysis revealed the presence in nass of tobacco-specific N-nitroso compounds.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of a population with a high incidence of oral and oesophageal cancer

Заридзе

Blettner

Trapeznikov

et al. 1985

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These studies used diets that had low to moderate dietary fat content by comparison with human diets, but which were more than adequate for rodents; concentrations of 3.9 to 14.1% fat were used. These concentrations represent between 8 and 30% of calories as dietary fat but are below those consumed by most affluent populations (approximately 3742%) in which breast cancer is common (Byers and Graham, 1984).If the observation that caloric restriction is a generalized inhibitor of tumor formation, it should not matter what the fat content of the diet is. As evidence for this point, Lavik and Baumann (1943) fed mice diets that were: low-calorie, low-fat; low-calorie, high-fat; high-calorie, low-fat; and high-calorie, high-fat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Inhibition of dmba‐induced mammary tumorigenesis by caloric restriction in rats fed high‐fat diets

Klurfeld¹,

Welch²,

Lloyd³

et al. 1989

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most previous studies on the inhibiting effect of caloric restriction during promotion of DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis have used low to moderate levels of dietary fat, i.e., about 4 to 14% by weight. The current study was designed to test whether a moderate degree of caloric restriction, 25%, would inhibit tumor growth in rats fed the equivalent of 20% dietary fat which approximates human consumption in affluent countries. Rats were fed diets ad libitum that contained 5, 15 or 20% corn oil. Groups of rats were pair-fed to the last 2 groups, but subjected to a 25% caloric restriction. These groups were fed 20 or 26.7% corn oil so that absolute fat intake in the paired groups was identical. Significant inhibition of tumor incidence, tumor weight, tumor burden, body fat deposition, and fasting serum insulin were observed in the 2 calorically restricted groups. We conclude that moderate caloric restriction is significantly more effective in inhibiting tumor growth than is the promoting effect of diets high in fat. Total body weight, body fat and serum insulin concentrations may be better correlates of risk of developing mammary tumors than is dietary fat.

show abstract

“…Regarding causes of cancer in humans, Doll and Peto (136) argued that the causes of 97% of human cancers can be explainable, with a large proportion (10-70%; best estimate,35%) due to diet. Using the most relevant and common sites ofhuman cancer, Schmahl et al (135) estimate only one-third of the cancers (in the Federal Republic of Germany) can be assigned ecologically to exogenous carcinogenic agents or lifestyle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemicals and Cancer in Humans: First Evidence in Experimental Animals

Huff¹

1993

Environmental Health Perspectives

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Epidemiology of Diet and Cancer

Cited by 82 publications

References 170 publications

Survey of a population with a high incidence of oral and oesophageal cancer

Survey of a population with a high incidence of oral and oesophageal cancer

Inhibition of dmba‐induced mammary tumorigenesis by caloric restriction in rats fed high‐fat diets

Chemicals and Cancer in Humans: First Evidence in Experimental Animals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About