The Epidemiology of Injuries in Contact Flag Football

Kaplan, Y.; Myklebust, Grethe; Nyska, Meir; Palmanovich, Ezequiel; Victor, Jan; Witvrouw, Erik

doi:10.1097/jsm.0b013e3182694870

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Current BAFA policy advises that "clubs must ensure that they have adequate first aid cover available for all practice sessions where contact will take place, " yet what determines "adequate" is unclear. Furthermore, the policy does not stipulate whether this refers to both flag-football and tackle football, as concussion occurs in both versions of the game (Kaplan et al, 2013;Prien et al, 2018). Thus, current "policy" may be deemed a haphazard approach to medical cover than outline true policy directives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concussion Reporting and Safeguarding Policy Development in British American Football: An Essential Agenda

Travis

Thornton

Scott-Bell

2021

Front. Sports Act. Living

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The objective of this study was to examine concussion reporting and safeguarding policy in British American Football (BAF). Data were collected via an online survey tool. The data presented are part of a broader study that examined injury profiles, concussion reporting behaviors, and medical provision in BAF. Concussion-like symptoms were found in over half (58.8%) of the participants. Of those, 36.4% reported they had previously been formally diagnosed with a concussion while playing BAF. Just under half of the participants (44.7%) had suspected they had had a concussion, although it was not formally diagnosed, and 23.5% of the participants had previously hidden concussion symptoms. Fifty-eight percent of the teams reported they did not have a regular game-day medic, with a range of hired medical personnel who attended the games. Prominent barriers to hiring a medic included budget, institutional support shortfall, and lack of medic reliability and game knowledge. BAF is a developing sport with a clear vision for growth of participation. Yet, the current concussion and medical provision policies do not address the sport's welfare needs. Through discussion of these policies in the context of this study's findings, we highlight vital areas of concern in policy and practice that the British American Football Association needs to address in their medical and concussion policies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concussion Reporting and Safeguarding Policy Development in British American Football: An Essential Agenda

Travis

Thornton

Scott-Bell

2021

Front. Sports Act. Living

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“…Direct trauma was responsible for the vast majority of injuries (ranging between 64 and 75 %). In the latest of these three studies, conducted by the authors of the present manuscript, forty per cent of the hand/finger injuries were reported as a direct result of fingers being caught in the opposing player's pants [17]. Almost all players in this study wore pants with side pockets and refrained from playing with mouth guards, despite evidence that they have been shown to prevent oral and tongue injuries and that they might reduce the severity of concussions [4,6,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Three previously published epidemiological studies reported on injuries in flag football [3,5,17]. All three reported a high percentage of injuries to the fingers/wrist (ranging between 16 and 34 %), the knee (ranging between 11 and 16 %), the ankle (ranging between 8 and 12 %), the face and head (18 %) and the shoulder (9 %).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The prevention of injuries in contact flag football

Kaplan

Myklebust

Nyska

et al. 2012

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

Self Cite

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Purpose American flag football is a non-tackle, contact sport with many moderate to severe contact-type injuries reported. A previous prospective injury surveillance study by the authors revealed a high incidence of injuries to the fingers, face, knee, shoulder and ankle. The objectives of the study were to conduct a pilot-prospective injury prevention study in an attempt to significantly reduce the incidence and the severity of injuries as compared to a historical cohort, as well as to provide recommendations for a future prospective injury prevention study. Methods A prospective injury prevention study was conducted involving 724 amateur male (mean age: 20.0 ± 3.1 years) and 114 female (mean age: 21.2 ± 7.2 years) players. Four prevention measures were implemented: the no-pocket rule, self-fitting mouth guards, ankle braces (for those players with recurrent ankle sprains) and an injury treatment information brochure. An injury surveillance questionnaire was administered to record all time-loss injuries sustained in game sessions. Results There was a statistically significant reduction in the number of injured players, the number of finger/hand injuries, the incidence rate and the incidence proportion between the two cohorts (p \ 0.05). Conclusions This one-season pilot prevention study has provided preliminary evidence that finger/hand injuries can be significantly reduced in flag football. Prevention strategies for a longer, prospective, randomised-controlled injury prevention study should include the strict enforcement of the no-pocket rule, appropriate head gear, the use of comfortable-fitting ankle braces and mouth guards, and changing the blocking rules of the game. Level of evidence II.

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“…However, the reports that were found were diverse. : from kickboxing and TBI in Qatar and Turkey (Slimani et al, 2017;Tanrivedi et al, 2007), fishing and aerial sport injuries as well as boxing related injuries in Turkey (Aydin, 2019;Cevik et al, 2016;Tanrivedi et al, 2008), to contact football and other team balls in Iran and Israel (Kordi et al, 2013;Kaplan et al, 2013), to new data on E-Biking with resulting serious injuries in Israel and Iran (Gross et al, 2018;Vahdati et al, 2016), rollover crashes as well as injuries related to Taekwondo and Karate in Iran (Anarkooli et al, 2017;Ziaee et al, 2010;Halabchi et al, 2007) and lastly camel jockeying injury in United Arab Emirates (UAE) (Abu-Zidan et al, 2012). Many countries focused on extremity injuries and were keen on detailing those injuries specifically; while data regarding head injury on the other hand was relatively sparse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Perspective From the Middle East on the Topic of Concussion

Chemali¹,

Ezzeddine²,

Tcheroyan³

et al. 2020

GJHS

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Background: Concussion is the most prevalent form of traumatic brain injury. Western countries debate it as a public health issue. Middle Eastern (ME) countries lag behind with a concussion incidence surveillance of 25% that of European countries. Objective: The purpose of our study was to review concussion resulting from traumatic brain or sports injuries in civilian nationals of the ME. Methods: We carried out PubMed literature search of all related articles in the past thirty years using search terms reflecting concussion and sports injuries in ME countries of Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Results: 72 articles met our search criteria with relatively little data found on concussion within the parameters of this review. However, the reports that were found were diverse. Israel, Turkey and Iran led in publications. Motor vehicle accidents were the leading cause of concussion from TBI (50-57%) followed by domestic injuries (30-40%) and sports injuries at 4-7%. Extremity injuries were most commonly reported unlike head injuries often invisible and underreported. Male gender, young children, pedestrian and car traffic accidents, lack of protective gear, cell phone use, impulsive behaviors as well as training overload, lack of sleep, contact sports and violence were all risk factors for concussion. Conclusions: In this review, we highlighted the nascent topic of concussion in the ME and the need for additional research dictating awareness programs and implementing new safety policies to lower morbidity and mortality across all ages.

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The Epidemiology of Injuries in Contact Flag Football

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Concussion Reporting and Safeguarding Policy Development in British American Football: An Essential Agenda

Concussion Reporting and Safeguarding Policy Development in British American Football: An Essential Agenda

The prevention of injuries in contact flag football

A Perspective From the Middle East on the Topic of Concussion

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