The Epidemiology of Long Coronavirus Disease in US Adults

Robertson, McKaylee; Qasmieh, Saba; Kulkarni, Sarah; Teasdale, Chloe A; Jones, Heidi E.; McNairy, Margaret L.; Borrell, Luisa N.; Nash, Denis

doi:10.1093/cid/ciac961

Cited by 62 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These important findings were confirmed in a subsequent and more recent study including 3042 adults from the United States, who completed a questionnaire in order to define their health and fitness after recovering from an acute SARS -CoV -2 infection. 41 In keeping with previous evidence, long -COVID was found to be more frequent in women (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.40-2.42) and in those with pre -existing comorbidities (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.19-2.34). Moreover, as compared with COVID -19 vaccine recipients who received at least a single booster dose, the unvaccinated individuals had an over 40% higher risk of developing long -COVID (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.05-1.91).…”

Section: Impact Of Sars -Cov -2 Variantssupporting

confidence: 88%

COVID-19 and its long-term sequelae: what do we know in 2023?

Lippi¹,

Sanchís-Gomar²,

Henry³

2023

Polish Archives of Internal Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

vaccine -elicited, or both) or the virus attenuation, 3 the overall number of deaths and the mortality rate are also substantially underestimated. According to recent epidemiologic evidence from the WHO, the global number of COVID -19-related deaths may be up to 3 -fold higher than officially reported, 4 with ample variations in the volume of excess deaths worldwide (eg, the underestimation bias may even exceed 50% in certain South American regions). Likewise, a debate is fueling over the fact that the way COVID -19-related deaths are counted in some countries may not reflect the real scenario, with several million deaths missed by official statistics. 5 That said, and with the apparent preamble that pandemic numbers are largely biased and will continue to grow in the foreseeable future (COVID -19 seems now Current epidemiology of COVID -19 COVID -19 is a life -threatening infectious disease sustained by SARS -CoV -2, the virus first identified in the Chinese town of Wuhan in November 2019. Thereafter, it has spread rapidly worldwide, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has finally classified it as a pandemic disease in March 2020. 1 The accurate characterization of the ongoing COVID -19 epidemic is challenging for countless reasons. First, the number of official cases of SARS -CoV -2 infection is underestimated mainly because of under testing and under -reporting all around the world, making it impossible to provide accurate measures of its current frequency. 2 Then, although it is undeniable that the clinical severity of COVID -19 has considerably declined over time due to either immunity (natural,

show abstract

Section: Impact Of Sars -Cov -2 Variantssupporting

confidence: 88%

COVID-19 and its long-term sequelae: what do we know in 2023?

Lippi¹,

Sanchís-Gomar²,

Henry³

2023

Polish Archives of Internal Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Impacts on daily activities were severe for 25.3% of those with Long COVID and 28.9% had SARS-CoV-2 infection over a year ago. Women, those with comorbidities, and those unvaccinated or not boosted were at higher risk ( Robertson et al, 2022 ). Studies from the USA and Europe have found that the prevalence of Long COVID is higher among women and those with multiple chronic conditions ( Chen et al, 2022 ; Fernández-de-Las-Peñas et al, 2022 ; Robertson et al, 2022 ; Thompson et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Insight Into Pasc Disease Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women, those with comorbidities, and those unvaccinated or not boosted were at higher risk ( Robertson et al, 2022 ). Studies from the USA and Europe have found that the prevalence of Long COVID is higher among women and those with multiple chronic conditions ( Chen et al, 2022 ; Fernández-de-Las-Peñas et al, 2022 ; Robertson et al, 2022 ; Thompson et al, 2022 ). However, there is variation in risk factor data due to differences in study design, population studied, and definition of Long COVID.…”

Section: Insight Into Pasc Disease Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic mechanisms of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC)

Sherif

Gómez

Connors

et al. 2023

eLife

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

COVID-19, with persistent and new onset of symptoms such as fatigue, post-exertional malaise, and cognitive dysfunction that last for months and impact everyday functioning, is referred to as Long COVID under the general category of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). PASC is highly heterogenous and may be associated with multisystem tissue damage/dysfunction including acute encephalitis, cardiopulmonary syndromes, fibrosis, hepatobiliary damages, gastrointestinal dysregulation, myocardial infarction, neuromuscular syndromes, neuropsychiatric disorders, pulmonary damage, renal failure, stroke, and vascular endothelial dysregulation. A better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying PASC is essential to guide prevention and treatment. This review addresses potential mechanisms and hypotheses that connect SARS-CoV-2 infection to long-term health consequences. Comparisons between PASC and other virus-initiated chronic syndromes such as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome will be addressed. Aligning symptoms with other chronic syndromes and identifying potentially regulated common underlining pathways may be necessary for understanding the true nature of PASC. The discussed contributors to PASC symptoms include sequelae from acute SARS-CoV-2 injury to one or more organs, persistent reservoirs of the replicating virus or its remnants in several tissues, re-activation of latent pathogens such as Epstein–Barr and herpes viruses in COVID-19 immune-dysregulated tissue environment, SARS-CoV-2 interactions with host microbiome/virome communities, clotting/coagulation dysregulation, dysfunctional brainstem/vagus nerve signaling, dysautonomia or autonomic dysfunction, ongoing activity of primed immune cells, and autoimmunity due to molecular mimicry between pathogen and host proteins. The individualized nature of PASC symptoms suggests that different therapeutic approaches may be required to best manage specific patients.

show abstract

“…Additionally, a slightly larger proportion of long COVID was reported by women in our study, as well as in other studies. [35][36][37][38] In general, the prevalence of long COVID may vary across studies due to differences in sampling, definition, and measurement methods. 31 Prevalence of long COVID may also vary between, but also within, studies due to the timing of data collection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and long COVID among California farmworkers

Mora,

Kogut,

Sandhu

et al. 2023

The Journal of Rural Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeThe purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to determine the prevalence of long COVID and identify its clinical manifestations among farmworkers in California.MethodsWe collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometrics, clinical chemistries and anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 immunoglobulin G antibodies, self‐reported SARS‐CoV‐2 infection history, and standardized health tests and scales from 297 farmworkers in California between February and July 2022.ResultsMost participants were born in Mexico or Central America, had less than a high school diploma, and were overweight or obese. The prevalence of long COVID (defined as self‐reported SARS‐CoV‐2 infection with symptoms >28 days) among farmworkers with a suspected or test‐confirmed infection was 61.8%. Participants with long COVID had higher mean [95% CI] body mass index (32.9 [31.6‐34.1]) and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels (4.8 [3.7, 6.0]) than those with no COVID‐19 history (30.5 [29.3‐31.7], and 3.3 [2.2, 4.3], respectively). Farmworkers with long COVID also reported greater fatigue, dyspnea, taste and smell problems, and overall poorer mental and physical health, than those with no COVID‐19 history. Farmworkers with long COVID had increased odds of functional limitations compared to those with a self‐reported SARS‐CoV‐2 infection with symptoms ≤28 days (OR [95% CI]: 7.46 [3.26, 17.09]).ConclusionsA significant proportion of farmworkers experience long COVID with persistent symptoms that limit their ability to perform their work. A comprehensive approach that addresses the unique needs and challenges of farmworkers is warranted given this population's high prevalence of long COVID and the essential nature of their work.

show abstract

The Epidemiology of Long Coronavirus Disease in US Adults

Cited by 62 publications

References 23 publications

COVID-19 and its long-term sequelae: what do we know in 2023?

COVID-19 and its long-term sequelae: what do we know in 2023?

Pathogenic mechanisms of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC)

SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and long COVID among California farmworkers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About