The epidemiology of rape and sexual coercion in South Africa: an overview

Jewkes, Rachel; Abrahams, Naeemah

doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00242-8

Cited by 535 publications

(413 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In general, children are disproportionately affected by sexual violence. In 2004 police statistics reported that children younger than 18 years constituted 41% and 47% of South Africa's rape and indecent assault victims respectively [19], although the high likelihood of under-reporting suggests that the true magnitude of child sexual abuse may be considerably higher [20,21].…”

Section: Biological Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reduced social capital (which refers to the protective effects of social networks), manifesting in low social cohesion and interpersonal mistrust, has been linked with an increase in higher violence rates and economic inequality [61], and conversely, Earls [62] found a strong relationship between high levels of civic engagement and low levels of crime. These factors may be involved in the high levels of community violence in South Africa and the Western Cape; reported rape cases ranged from 197 to 210 per 100,000 population in South Africa from 1996 to 1998 compared to 80 per 100,000 in the United States [21]. Another study in Cape Town reported that 32% of pregnant adolescents and 18% of matched controls had been forced into their first sexual experience [63].…”

Section: Proximal Societal Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applying upstream interventions for interpersonal violence prevention: An uphill struggle in low- to middle-income contexts

et al. 2010

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a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords:Interpersonal violence prevention policy Risk factors Interventions Burden of disease Low-to middle-income contexts Western Cape South Africa a b s t r a c tIn South Africa's Western Cape province, interpersonal violence was identified among the key prevention priorities in the provincial government's Burden of Disease (BoD) Reduction project. To date, there are no adequate systematic reviews of the full range of potential intervention strategies. In response, available data and the literature on risk factors and prevention strategies for interpersonal violence were reviewed with a view to providing policy makers with an inventory of interventions for application. Given the predominance of upstream factors in driving the province's rates of interpersonal violence, efforts to address its burden require an intersectoral approach. Achievable short-term targets are also required to offset the long-term nature of the strategies most likely to affect fundamental shifts. Documentation and evaluation will be important to drive long-term investment, ensure effectiveness and enable replication of successful programmes and should be considered imperative by interpersonal violence prevention policymakers in other low-to middle-income contexts.

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Section: Biological Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proximal Societal Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying upstream interventions for interpersonal violence prevention: An uphill struggle in low- to middle-income contexts

et al. 2010

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“…South African society characterized by high levels of violence against women, especially rape and interpersonal violence within the family (Gilbert, 1996;Jewkes and Abrahams, 2002;Marais et al, 1999;Straker et al, 1996). Gender is associated with differential exposure to trauma, and may also be associated with more serious physical and psychological consequences .…”

Section: Goals Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…South African males were found more likely than their female peers to experience at least one traumatic event in their lifetime (Hirschowitz and Orkin, 1997) and were more likely to be victimized in the street rather than the home. Women, on the other hand, report high levels of rape and interpersonal violence (Gilbert, 1996;Jewkes and Abrahams, 2002;Oloruntimehin, 1996). Women may also have higher levels of mental health problems associated with exposure to torture than do men (Carmil and Carel, 1986;Seedat and Stein, 2000).…”

Section: Racial Political Stress In Context: Potential Moderatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The South Africa Stress and Health Study: Rationale and Design

et al. 2004

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“…[1][2][3] Simultaneously, South Africa has been the site of growing alarm at the high levels of rape reported from various sources, and the issues of sexual violence and violence against women in general have gained considerable political importance and visibility. 4 In South Africa, as elsewhere, accurate statistics capturing the true magnitude of sexual violence are difficult to obtain. Statistics released by the South African Police Service note that in 2001, 52,860 rapes and attempted rapes were reported to the police.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%