The Epidemiology of Substance Use Among Middle School Students: The Impact of School, Familial, Community and Individual Risk Factors

Abdelrahman, Abdelmageed; Rodriguez, Gloria M.; Ryan, John; French, John F.; Weinbaum, D F

doi:10.1300/j029v08n01_03

Cited by 56 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Key factors in youth substance use in Mexico include age, gender, school attendance and performance, socioeconomic status, and substance use among family and friends (Abdelrahman 1998;Felix-Ortiz et al 2001;Latimer et al 2004;Medina-Mora and Rojas Guiot 2003;Villatoro et al 2004). Males and older adolescents have more exposure to drug use opportunities.…”

Section: Substance Use Among Mexican Youth and Its Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Resistance Strategies and Substance Use among Adolescents in Monterrey, Mexico

et al. 2008

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This study examined drug resistance strategies and substance use among adolescents from Monterrey, Mexico. The focus was strategies that U.S. adolescents use most often to resist using substances, including refuse (saying no), explain (declining with an explanation), avoid (staying away from situations where drugs are offered), and leave (exiting situations where drugs are offered). Using self-administered questionnaire data from a convenience sample of 327 Mexican students enrolled at two secondary schools (preparatorias), we tested whether frequent use of particular drug resistance strategies predicted actual substance use. Multiple regression results showed that different strategies were effective for different substances, that some effects were mediated by number of offers received, and that certain effects were stronger for females than for males. Students using the refuse strategy reported less cigarette use and less binge drinking; those using the avoid strategy reported less alcohol and cigarette use; and those using the leave strategy reported less binge drinking and, for females only, less marijuana use. Use of the explain strategy was not significantly related to substance use after controlling for use of other strategies. Findings are discussed in terms of Mexican cultural values and their implications for the design of prevention programs for Mexican youth. KeywordsAdolescents; Substance use; Substance use offers; Mexican youth; Drug resistance Research on substance use among Mexican youth provides growing evidence that prevalence rates, the types of substances used, social risk factors for use, and the health and social problems associated with use are assuming patterns similar to those reported by youth Correspondence to: Stephen Kulis, Kulis@asu.edu. (Medina-Mora Cravioto 2003;Villatoro et al. 2004). Of growing concern are increases in illicit drug use among Mexican youth, who until recently have consistently reported lower rates of consumption of illicit drugs than U.S. youth, and a decrease in the typical age of initiation of substance use from 15 to 8 years of age (FelixOrtiz et al. 2001; Tapia-Conyer et al. 2001;Villareal et al. 2004;Villatoro et al. 1998). NIH Public AccessDespite the upward trend in drug use among Mexican youth and expanding research on its etiology, there are large gaps in the knowledge needed to inform the design of effective prevention efforts in Mexico. One relatively neglected research area is the strategies that Mexican adolescents actually use when confronted with substance use opportunities and the relative effectiveness of these strategies for resisting use of different substances. This study investigated whether the strategies used most commonly by U.S. adolescents to resist offers of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana are used with apparent success by Mexican youth, and whether use of particular strategies depends on the gender of the youth and the frequency with which the youth encounters offers of substances. We used data from a sample of Mexican secondar...

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Section: Substance Use Among Mexican Youth and Its Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Resistance Strategies and Substance Use among Adolescents in Monterrey, Mexico

et al. 2008

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“…Academic performance has been strongly associated with tobacco, alcohol, and drug use in preadolescents and adolescents (Abdelrahman et al, 1998;Dishion et al, 1999;Neumark-Sztainer et al, 1997;Stevens et al, 1996;Yarnold and Patterson, 1995). Low academic achievement has been found to predict not only school failure, but also higher levels of substance use at the initial measurement, and also to predict how quickly substance use would develop over an 18-month period (Duncan et al, 1998).…”

Section: Academic Achievementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnicity and Ethnic Identity as Predictors of Drug Norms and Drug Use Among Preadolescents in the US Southwest

Marsiglia

Kulis

Hecht

et al. 2004

Substance Use & Misuse

135

105

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This article reports the results of research exploring how ethnicity and ethnic identity may "protect" adolescents against drug use and help them form antidrug use norms. This study was conducted in 1998 and is based on a sample of 4364 mostly Mexican American seventh graders residing in a large southwestern city of diverse acculturation statuses. It aims at testing existing findings by conducting the research within the unique geographic and ethnic context of the Southwest region of the United States. This research examines how strength of ethnic identity plays a distinctive role in drug use behavior among the various ethnic groups represented in the sample: Mexican Americans, other Latinos, American Indians, African Americans, non-Hispanic Whites, and those of mixed ethnic backgrounds. Positive ethnic identity (i.e., strong ethnic affiliation, attachment, and pride) was associated with less substance use and stronger antidrug norms in the sample overall. Unexpectedly, the apparently protective effects of positive ethnic identity were generally stronger for non-Hispanic White respondents (a numerical minority group in this sample) than for members of ethnic minority groups. Implications for prevention programs tailored for Mexican/Mexican American students are discussed.

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“…Rearing influences, such as parenting skills and family management practices, have been found to increase risk of substance use in offspring (Abdelrahman et al, 1998;Ary et al, 1999;Capaldi and Patterson, 1994;Kandel et al, 1978;Prendergast, 1974;Reilly, 1979;Vicary and Lerner, 1986). Further research examining the role of parental alcoholism and how it influences such rearing practices and parenting skills would be advantageous in the prevention of substance abuse in children of alcoholics.…”

Section: Environmental Transmission Of Substance Use Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Transmission of DSM‐IV Substance Use Disorders in Adoptive and Step Families

Newlin

Miles

Bree

et al. 2000

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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The Epidemiology of Substance Use Among Middle School Students: The Impact of School, Familial, Community and Individual Risk Factors

Cited by 56 publications

References 28 publications

Drug Resistance Strategies and Substance Use among Adolescents in Monterrey, Mexico

Drug Resistance Strategies and Substance Use among Adolescents in Monterrey, Mexico

Ethnicity and Ethnic Identity as Predictors of Drug Norms and Drug Use Among Preadolescents in the US Southwest

Environmental Transmission of DSM‐IV Substance Use Disorders in Adoptive and Step Families

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