The Epidemiology of Traumatic Brain Injury

Corrigan, John; Selassie, Anbesaw W.; Orman, Jean A.

doi:10.1097/htr.0b013e3181ccc8b4

Cited by 785 publications

(472 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 1.7 million Americans sustain a TBI each year, with approximately 70% (i.e., 1.2 million) considered mild [1,2]. Others have noted that the actual number of TBIs annually is likely much higher, as many go undiagnosed, unreported, and thus uncounted [2][3][4]. Regardless, there is no question that TBI results in substantial costs at the individual and societal levels, with estimated total expenditures exceeding $21.5 billion per annum for mTBI alone ($16.7 in 2003 US dollars) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep, Sleep Disorders, and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. What We Know and What We Need to Know: Findings from a National Working Group

et al. 2016

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Disturbed sleep is one of the most common complaints following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and worsens morbidity and long-term sequelae. Further, sleep and TBI share neurophysiologic underpinnings with direct relevance to recovery from TBI. As such, disturbed sleep and clinical sleep disorders represent modifiable treatment targets to improve outcomes in TBI. This paper presents key findings from a national working group on sleep and TBI, with a specific focus on the testing and development of sleep-related therapeutic interventions for mild TBI (mTBI). First, mTBI and sleep physiology are briefly reviewed. Next, essential empirical and clinical questions and knowledge gaps are addressed. Finally, actionable recommendations are offered to guide active and efficient collaboration between academic, industry, and governmental stakeholders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep, Sleep Disorders, and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. What We Know and What We Need to Know: Findings from a National Working Group

et al. 2016

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“…, characterized by damage to the brain as a result of a violent impact, blow, or jolt to the head or a penetrating head injury, is a major health problem worldwide contributing to a significant number of deaths and cases of permanent disability (18,30). In the US, the annual incidence of TBI has been estimated at 1.7 million, for which 1.1 million are treated in emergency, 275,000 are hospitalized for nonfatal TBI, and 52,000 die (30).…”

Section: Traumatic Brain Injury (Tbi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

G-CSF as an Adjunctive Therapy with Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Transplantation for Traumatic Brain Injury

et al. 2015

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a major contributor to deaths and permanent disability worldwide, has been recently described as a progressive cell death process rather than an acute event. TBI pathophysiology is complicated and can be distinguished by the initial primary injury and the subsequent secondary injury that ensues days after the trauma. Therapeutic opportunities for TBI remain very limited with patients subjected to surgery or rehabilitation therapy. The efficacy of stem cell-based interventions, as well as neuroprotective agents in other neurological disorders of which pathologies overlap with TBI, indicates their potential as alternative TBI treatments. Furthermore, their therapeutic limitations may be augmented when combination therapy is pursued instead of using a single agent. Indeed, we demonstrated remarkable combined efficacy of human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) cell therapy and granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment in TBI models, providing essential evidence for the translation of this approach to treat TBI. Further studies are warranted to determine the mechanisms underlying therapeutic benefits exerted by hUCB + G-CSF in order to enhance its safety and efficacy in the clinic.

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“…[10,11] Young people are at particular risk of injury, with a peak in occurrence among those aged 15 to 24-years old. [12][13][14] TBI is, therefore, often a source of lifelong disability, [15] with resulting economic and social costs to the individual, family, and community.…”

Section: The Impact Of Tbi On Decision Makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“I’ve never been a yes person”: Decision-making participation and self-conceptualization after severe traumatic brain injury

Knox

Douglas

Bigby

2016

Disability and Rehabilitation

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Purpose: Although adults who sustain a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) require support to make decisions in their lives, little is known about their experience of this process. The aim of this study was to explore how participation in decision making contributes to self-conceptualization in adults with severe TBI. Method: We used constructivist grounded theory methods. Data included 20 in-depth interviews with adults with severe TBI. Through a process of constant comparison, analysis involved open and focused coding until clear categories emerged and data saturation was achieved. Results: Self-conceptualization emerged as a complex and multifaceted process, as individuals with TBI aimed to reestablish a sense of autonomy. We describe a recursive relationship in which decision-making participation assists the dynamic construction of self, and self-concept contributes to the experience of making decisions. The role of an individual's social support network in acting as a bridge between participation and self-conceptualization is presented. Conclusions: Findings emphasize that contributing to decisions about one's own goals across a range of life areas can reinforce a positive self-concept. It is vital that supporters understand that participation in decision making provides a pathway to conceptualizing self and aim to maximize the person's participation in the decision-making process. ä IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONPrevious research has identified that the experience of sustaining TBI has a significant impact on a person's conceptualization of self. This study identified that decision-making experiences play an important role in the ongoing process of self-conceptualization after injury. Decision-making experiences can reinforce a person's self-concept or lead them to revise (positively or negatively) their sense of self. By maximizing the person's decision-making participation, those around them can support them to develop positive self-attributes and contribute to shaping their future goals. ARTICLE HISTORY

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The Epidemiology of Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract: Estimates of the incidence and prevalence of TBI are based on varying sources of data, methods of calculation, and assumptions. Informed users should be cognizant of the limitations of these estimates when determining their applicability.

Cited by 785 publications

References 32 publications

Sleep, Sleep Disorders, and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. What We Know and What We Need to Know: Findings from a National Working Group

Sleep, Sleep Disorders, and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. What We Know and What We Need to Know: Findings from a National Working Group

G-CSF as an Adjunctive Therapy with Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Transplantation for Traumatic Brain Injury

“I’ve never been a yes person”: Decision-making participation and self-conceptualization after severe traumatic brain injury

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