The equatorial F-layer: progress and puzzles

Rishbeth, H.

doi:10.1007/s00585-000-0730-6

Cited by 186 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Studies have investigated (amongst others) the morphology of responses to geomagnetic storms (Field et al 1998;, thermospheric composition and dynamics (Fuller-Rowell 1998;Rishbeth and Mueller-Wodarg 1999), semiannual variations in the ionosphere (Millward et al 1996b;Rishbeth et al 2000a), effects of tidal forcing Mueller-Wodarg et al 2003) and NO chemistry (Dobbin et al 2006).…”

Section: Earth (Ctim Ctip Cmat Codes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutral Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere Modeling

et al. 2008

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Numerical modeling tools can be used for a number of reasons yielding many benefits in their application to planetary upper atmosphere and ionosphere environments. These tools are commonly used to predict upper atmosphere and ionosphere characteristics and to interpret measurements once they are obtained. Additional applications of these tools include conducting diagnostic balance studies, converting raw measurements into useful physical parameters, and comparing features and processes of different planetary atmospheres. This chapter focuses upon various classes of upper atmosphere and ionosphere numerical modeling tools, the equations solved and key assumptions made, specified inputs and tunable parameters, their common applications, and finally their notable strengths and weaknesses. Examples of these model classes and their specific applications to individual planetary environments will be described.

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Section: Earth (Ctim Ctip Cmat Codes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutral Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere Modeling

et al. 2008

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“…The E Â B drift drives plasma to move upward due to the northward direction of the magnetic field nearly perpendicular to the gravity vector, and at the same time, the meridional neutral wind drives plasma along the magnetic field line due to the ion-drag effect. An excellent review paper for the equatorial F-region was written by Rishbeth [2000].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic conjugate observation of the F₃ layer using the SEALION ionosonde network

Uemoto

Ono

Maruyama

et al. 2007

Geophysical Research Letters

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Results from the meridional ionosonde network located in Southeast Asia (SEALION) demonstrate the interesting nature of the F3 layer, showing its generation mechanism. Ionograms obtained on 16 November 2004 and 31 March 2005 at Chiang Mai (CMU; geographic latitude 18.8°N, geographic longitude 98.9°E, and magnetic latitude 13.2°N), Chumphon (CPN; 10.7°N, 99.4°E, and 3.2°N) and Kototabang (KTB; 0.2°S, 100.3°E, and 10.1°S) showed significant differences between CPN near the magnetic equator, and CMU and KTB in the magnetic low‐latitude region. The simultaneous magnetic conjugate observations of the F3 layer achieved using the SEALION ionosonde network data showed clear dependences of the F3 layer on the magnetic latitude. It is suggested that these magnetic latitude dependences of the F3 layer can be explained by considering the plasma diffusion effects along the magnetic field lines in the magnetic low‐latitude region.

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“…[2] Since the discovery of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) in 1946 by Appleton [1946], the lowlatitude ionosphere has been extensively studied using observations and theoretical modeling. Excellent review articles have been presented by Rajaram [1977], Moffet [1979], Anderson [1981], Walker [1981], Abdu et al, [1990], Stening [1992], and Rishbeth [2000] on various aspects related to these studies. Anderson [1973aAnderson [ , 1973b did the first theoretical modeling of EIA including neutral wind effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An additional layer in the low‐latitude ionosphere in Indian longitudes: Total electron content observations and modeling

et al. 2007

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[1] The paper presents the observations and modeling of an additional layer in the low-latitude ionosphere in Indian longitudes. The signatures of the additional layer are observed as ledges or humps between the equatorial ionization anomaly trough and crest (EIA) in the latitudinal profiles of total electron content (TEC), measured using a single ground-based beacon receiver located at Trivandrum (8.5°N, 77°E, dip 0.5°N) in India. The ground-based ionograms also show the presence of the so-called F 3 layer for a short duration corresponding to these signatures, and the layer is found to drift upward to the topside ionosphere. The study provides first observational evidence that the so-called ''humps'' in the latitudinal variation of TEC are nothing but the upward propagating F 3 layer. This conclusion is supported by theoretical modeling using the Sheffield University Plasmasphere Ionosphere Model. It is shown that upward ExB drift and strong equatorward neutral wind (perturbed by atmospheric waves) can produce the humps in the latitudinal variation of TEC through the reduction in the downward diffusion of ionization along geomagnetic field lines. The model results also show that the F 3 layer drifts to the topside and forms topside ledges.

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The equatorial F-layer: progress and puzzles

Cited by 186 publications

References 67 publications

Neutral Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere Modeling

Neutral Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere Modeling

Magnetic conjugate observation of the F₃ layer using the SEALION ionosonde network

An additional layer in the low‐latitude ionosphere in Indian longitudes: Total electron content observations and modeling

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The equatorial F-layer: progress and puzzles

Cited by 186 publications

References 67 publications

Neutral Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere Modeling

Neutral Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere Modeling

Magnetic conjugate observation of the F3 layer using the SEALION ionosonde network

An additional layer in the low‐latitude ionosphere in Indian longitudes: Total electron content observations and modeling

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Magnetic conjugate observation of the F₃ layer using the SEALION ionosonde network