The error in stream sediment phosphorus fractionation and sorption properties effected by drying pretreatments

Simpson, Zachary P.; McDowell, R. W.; Condron, Leo M.

doi:10.1007/s11368-018-2180-3

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…It should be noted, though, that 92% of the observations used fresh sediments. Nonetheless, this finding supports the recommendation of fresh sediments over drying pretreatments (Attygalla et al., 2016; Klotz & Linn, 2001; Simpson et al., 2019). Drying (especially air‐drying) alters sediment biogeochemistry in complex ways.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Sediment phosphorus buffering in streams at baseflow: A meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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Phosphorus (P) pollution of surface waters remains a challenge for protecting and improving water quality. Central to the challenge is understanding what regulates P concentrations in streams. This quantitative review synthesizes the literature on a major control of P concentrations in streams at baseflow-the sediment P bufferto better understand streamwater-sediment P interactions. We conducted a global meta-analysis of sediment equilibrium phosphate concentrations at net zero sorption (EPC 0), which is the dissolved reactive P (DRP) concentration toward which sediments buffer solution DRP. Our analysis of 45 studies and >900 paired observations of DRP and EPC 0 showed that sediments often have potential to remove or release P to the streamwater (83% of observations), meaning that "equilibrium" between sediment and streamwater is rare. This potential for P exchange is moderated by sediment and stream characteristics, including sorption affinity, stream pH, exchangeable P concentration, and particle sizes. The potential for sediments to modify streamwater DRP concentrations is often not realized owing to other factors (e.g., hydrologic interactions). Sediment surface chemistry, hyporheic exchange, and biota can also influence the potential exchange of P between sediments and the streamwater. Methodological choices significantly influenced EPC 0 determination and thus the estimated potential for P exchange; we therefore discuss how to measure and report EPC 0 to best suit research objectives and aid in interstudy comparison. Our results enhance understanding of the sediment P buffer and inform how EPC 0 can be effectively applied to improve management of aquatic P pollution and eutrophication.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Sediment phosphorus buffering in streams at baseflow: A meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Under anaerobic conditions, sediment Fe and Mn will be soluble leaving P release to be a function of calcium-bound P and organic P decomposition (Hupfer and Lewandowski 2008). However, soluble Fe and Mn will have likely precipitated under oxic conditions in the lab thereby boosting P sorption and decreasing EPC 0 (Simpson et al 2019). This agrees with work by Palmer-Felgate et al (2011) who found a poor relationship between EPC 0 and DRP in an anoxic wetland sediment.…”

Section: The Use Of Epc 0 To Indicate Likely P Concentrations In Basesupporting

confidence: 84%

Likely controls on dissolved reactive phosphorus concentrations in baseflow of an agricultural stream

2020

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Purpose High baseflow phosphorus (P) concentrations increase the likelihood of periphyton blooms. Several physical and chemical factors can control baseflow P concentrations such as hydraulic exchange with groundwater, particle size-sorting, redox chemistry and different sediment sources. We hypothesized that of these sources, anoxic sediments would allow P-rich groundwater to influence baseflow P concentrations the most and that the measurement of the equilibrium P concentration (EPC 0) of sediments under oxic conditions would not predict P release in anaerobic sediment or baseflow P concentrations. Materials and methods At four locations along an agricultural stream, we measured dissolved reactive P (DRP), pH, iron, manganese, sulphate, nitrate and dissolved oxygen in streamflow and hyporheic water at 0-200, 200-400 and 400-800 mm depths and P fractions and EPC 0 in sediment samples from the 0-200, 200-400 and 400-800 mm depths. Results and discussion Concentrations of DRP in streamflow and shallow hyporheic zone water increased downstream and were mirrored by concentrations in shallow sediment, EPC 0 measurements of oxic sediments and deeper hyporheic waters. Groundwater samples and the EPC 0 in deeper sediments did not show a pattern or residence time consistent with the supply of P to baseflow despite deeper sediment being anoxic and less likely to sorb upwelling P. There was also no change in pH or particle size downstream ruling out the degassing of groundwater or sediment size-sorting as an influence. However, the composition of sediment and underlying lithology of the catchment pointed to sediment downstream that was different to upstream sediment in that it could store and release more P. Conclusions Given the strong influence of sediment source on baseflow P concentrations, efforts to decrease the likelihood of periphyton blooms under baseflow should focus on reducing the erosion of P-rich sediment. Furthermore, the presence of oxic conditions in surface sediment meant that there was a relationship between EPC 0 and hyporheic water P concentrations. However, mixed oxic/anoxic conditions in deeper layer may require EPC 0 , or release rates, to be measured under reducing conditions.

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“…Simpson et al. (2019) also found low concentrations of loosely sorbed P when studying the effects of different pretreatments on streambed sediment. McDowell et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Similar behavior is likely to occur for H 2 O-P in the active streambed sediment. Simpson et al (2019) also found low concentrations of loosely sorbed P when studying the effects of different pretreatments on streambed sediment. McDowell et al (2020) found low concentrations of H 2 O-P in streambed sediment, with Fe-P as the general dominating fraction at their sampling sites.…”

Section: 11mentioning

confidence: 90%

Variability in fluvial suspended and streambed sediment phosphorus fractions among small agricultural streams

et al. 2021

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Agriculture is a major source of sediment and particulate phosphorus (P) inputs to freshwaters. Distinguishing between P fractions in sediment can aid in understanding its eutrophication risk. Although streams and rivers are important parts of the P cycle in agricultural catchments, streambed sediment and especially fluvial suspended sediment (FSS) and its P fractions are less studied. To address this knowledge gap, seasonal variations in FSS P fractions and their relation to water quality and streambed sediment were examined in three Swedish agricultural headwater catchments over 2 yr. Sequential fractionation was used to characterize P fractions in both streambed sediment and FSS. All catchments had similar annual P losses (0.4-0.8 kg ha -1 ), suspended solids (124-183 mg L -1 ), and FSS total P concentrations (1.15-1.19 mg g -1 ). However, distribution of P fractions and the dominant P fractions in FSS differed among catchments (p < .05), which was most likely dependent on differences in catchment geology, clay content, external P sources, and flow conditions. The most prominent seasonal pattern in all catchments was found for iron-bound P, with high concentrations during low summer flows and low concentrations during winter high flows. Streambed sediment P fractions were in the same concentration ranges as in FSS, and the distribution of the fractions differed between catchments. This study highlights the need to quantify P fractions, not just total P in FSS, to obtain a more complete understanding of the eutrophication risk posed by agricultural sediment losses.

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The error in stream sediment phosphorus fractionation and sorption properties effected by drying pretreatments

Cited by 22 publications

References 65 publications

Sediment phosphorus buffering in streams at baseflow: A meta‐analysis

Sediment phosphorus buffering in streams at baseflow: A meta‐analysis

Likely controls on dissolved reactive phosphorus concentrations in baseflow of an agricultural stream

Variability in fluvial suspended and streambed sediment phosphorus fractions among small agricultural streams

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