The essential role of other effective area-based conservation measures in achieving big bold conservation targets

Dudley, Nigel; Jonas, Holly; Nelson, Frederick E.; Parrish, Jeffrey D.; Pyhälä, Aili; Stolton, Sue; Watson, James

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00424

Cited by 161 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This concept also interfaces with ongoing discussions in the conversation field about the role of traditional protected areas (of various types) versus “other effective area‐based conservation measures” as mechanisms to conserve both biodiversity and human well‐being in the long term (Dudley et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Building urban/peri-urban/rural bridges and encouraging people to perceive nature and the environment as not only in remote wild and untouched landscapes, but also in parks and open spaces adjacent to urban areas, provides opportunities to connect to the natural world nearby (Miller and Hobbs 2002). This concept also interfaces with ongoing discussions in the conversation field about the role of traditional protected areas (of various types) versus "other effective area-based conservation measures" as mechanisms to conserve both biodiversity and human well-being in the long term (Dudley et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Scale and sense of place among urban dwellers

et al. 2019

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Place connections are core to being human: Every person lives in, and thus has direct experience of, at least one place and likely of numerous places throughout a lifetime. Sense of place—or the meanings, knowledge, and bonds that arise from the biophysical, social, and political–economic aspects of places—in turn influences people's interactions with those places. Of particular interest to researchers, practitioners, and policymakers, such interactions can impact place‐protective, stewardship, or conservation behaviors. However, how sense of place develops and what it represents is shifting in today's rapidly urbanizing, globalizing world. Especially when considering the integrated social–ecological context, questions related to how sense of place forms and is enacted in urban settings and at a range of geographic scales are challenging to study. Our study addresses this dynamic space: We examined how people's place connections intersect with their notions of geographic scale and levels of urbanity. Specifically, we conducted a 1201‐person randomized telephone survey in the San Francisco Bay Area ecoregion of California, USA, to explore how sense of place varies by (1) the scale of what people consider to be their place, and (2) the urbanity of where people live. In comparison with respondents who perceived their place as the larger‐scale ecoregion, we found that respondents who perceived their place as primarily focused on the urban area rated their connection to the biophysical aspects of place (the plants, animals, and landscape‐related elements) lower. Similarly, overall, respondents who lived in urban areas rated their connections to the biophysical aspects of place lower than did respondents who lived in non‐urban areas. Our findings suggest the importance of encouraging conceptualizations of place at broader geographic scales and, particularly, of supporting notions of urban spaces that stretch beyond urban boundaries. We also call for supporting increased engagement with urban nature, especially among residents of urban areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Scale and sense of place among urban dwellers

et al. 2019

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“…Other effective conservation areabased measures (e.g., temporary fish closures) have emerged as an important mechanism for conservation in areas of high biodiversity value, yet their outcomes also remain uncertain (Lemieux et al, 2019), as do their broader implications for adjacent communities (see also Diz et al, 2018;Dudley et al, 2018). As reflected in the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, at least 17% of terrestrial and inland water, and 10% of coastal and marine areas are to be protected by 2020 through "…effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well-connected systems of PAs and other effective area-based conservation measures."…”

Section: Principles For Governance Of Community-centered Conservatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Progress toward Aichi targets is occurring, but it has varied across jurisdictions. Other effective conservation areabased measures (e.g., temporary fish closures) have emerged as an important mechanism for conservation in areas of high biodiversity value, yet their outcomes also remain uncertain (Lemieux et al, 2019), as do their broader implications for adjacent communities (see also Diz et al, 2018;Dudley et al, 2018).…”

Section: Principles For Governance Of Community-centered Conservatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Governance principles for community‐centered conservation in the post‐2020 global biodiversity framework

Armitage

Mbatha

Muhl

et al. 2020

Conservat Sci and Prac

104

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Strategies to protect biodiversity in the face of a global crisis must be placebased and sensitive to context. A failure to consider the socioeconomic and political circumstances, as well as wellbeing needs and lived realities of those most directly reliant upon biodiversity will further undermine progress on Aichi targets and subsequent goals for the post-2020 framework. How communities experience the benefits or costs of conservation action is influenced in large measure by the principles that guide conservation governance, and the subsequent institutional structures and processes that frame conservation action (at local to global scales). In this article, we define and critically reflect on core principles of community-centered conservation governance needed to yield desirable and long-term conservation outcomes-both ecological and social (i.e., equitable and just). In doing so, we emphasize a conception of community-centered conservation that we argue is relevant to guide implementation of a post-2020 biodiversity framework, and which is based on a foundation of well-established evidence. Core principles of communitycentered conservation governance include: (a) building multilevel networks and collaborative relationships needed to coproduce conservation solutions;(b) promoting equity and recognizing the central role of women as agents of positive change in conservation efforts across scales; (c) reframing conservation action through the lens of reconciliation and redress (e.g., responding to injustices from land grabs and territorial enclosures); (d) ensuring a rightsbased approach to conservation action in which community agency, access and decision making autonomy are supported; and (e) revitalizing the customary and local institutions that provide legitimate and adaptive strategies for the stewardship of biodiversity. K E Y W O R D Sgender, governance, institutions, policy

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“…As a tool, Anthropocene refugia can be used in categorisation, decision making, and inference for 112 conservation planning. The approach is complementary to previous efforts to identify priority regions for 113 establishing protected areas or remaining wilderness areas [1,23], but acknowledges that species 114 persistence does not only rely on the existence of formally protected or pressure-free areas [24]. Although 115 protected areas are most certainly a critical component of large-scale conservation planning efforts, some 116 species have demonstrated their ability to tolerate substantial levels of human pressures and survive 117 outside of formally protected areas [25,26].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropocene refugia: integrating history and predictive modelling to assess the space available for biodiversity in a human-dominated world

Monsarrat

Jarvie

Svenning

2019

Preprint

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13During periods of strong environmental change, some areas may serve as refugia, where components of 14 biodiversity can find protection, persist and potentially expand from should conditions again become 15 favourable. The refugia concept has previously been used in the context of climatic change, to describe 16 climatically stable areas in which taxa survived past Quaternary glacial-interglacial oscillations, or where they 17 might persist in the future under anthropogenic climate change. However, with the recognition that Earth 18 has entered the Anthropocene, an era in which human activities are the dominant driving force on 19 ecosystems, it is critical to also consider human pressures on the environment as factors limiting species 20 distributions. Here, we present a novel concept, Anthropocene refugia, to refer to areas that provide spatial 21 and temporal protection from human activities and that will remain suitable for a given taxonomic unit in 22 the long-term. It integrates a deep-time perspective on species biogeography that provides information on 23 the natural rather than current-day relictual distribution of species, with spatial information on modern and 24 future anthropogenic threats. We define the concept and propose a methodology to effectively identify and 25 map realised and potential current and future refugia, using examples for two megafauna species as a proof 26 of concept. We argue that identifying Anthropocene refugia will improve biodiversity conservation and 27 restoration by allowing better prediction of key areas for conservation and potential for re-expansions today 28 and in the future. More generally, it forms a new conceptual framework to assess and manage the impact of 29 anthropogenic activities on past, current and future patterns of species distributions. 30 31

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The essential role of other effective area-based conservation measures in achieving big bold conservation targets

Cited by 161 publications

References 28 publications

Scale and sense of place among urban dwellers

Scale and sense of place among urban dwellers

Governance principles for community‐centered conservation in the post‐2020 global biodiversity framework

Anthropocene refugia: integrating history and predictive modelling to assess the space available for biodiversity in a human-dominated world

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