The Estimation of Blood Paramagnetic Center Changes during Burns Management with Biodegradable Propolis-Nanofiber Dressing

Abstract

The evolution of the paramagnetic center system in blood during the healing of skin burn wounds dressed with a biodegradable apitherapeutic nanofiber dressing was examined. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in paramagnetic centers in blood during the influence of apitherapeutic nanofiber dressings on the healing process. The blood samples were tested before burn infliction (day 0) and, respectively, on the 10th and 21st days of the experiment. Paramagnetic centers in the blood of the pig used as the model animal were examined with an X-band (9.3 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The EPR spectra were measured with Bruker spectrometer at 230 K with a modulation frequency of 100 kHz. The EPR lines of the high spin Fe3+ in methemoglobin, high spin Fe3+ in transferrin, Cu2+ in ceruloplasmin, and free radicals were observed in the multicomponent spectra of blood. For the application of the apitherapeutic nanofiber dressing, the amplitudes of the EPR signals of Fe3+ in methemoglobin were similar up to 10 days. For the experiment with the apitherapeutic formulation, the heights of EPR signals of Fe3+ in transferrin were lower after 10 days and 21 days of therapy, compared to day 0. For the application of the apitherapeutic formulation the signals of Cu2+ in ceruloplasmin and free radicals, strongly decreased after 10 days of therapy, and after 21 days it increased to the initial values characteristic for day 0. The apitherapeutic formulation caused that after 21 days the EPR spectrum of Cu2+ in ceruloplasmin and free radicals was considerably high. The apitherapeutic formulation interaction after 10 days and after 21 days of therapy resulted in the low EPR lines of Fe3+ in methemoglobin. EPR spectra of blood may be useful for presentation of the changes in its paramagnetic centers during the healing process of the burn wounds.

The Pluripotent Activities of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester

“…This is confirmed by numerous scientific studies, including our authorship, describing their impact on the wound healing process. One of our newest studies confirming the reparative and regenerative properties of propolis, and thus also CAPE, is the use of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) to determine paramagnetic centers occurring in blood samples taken from experimental animals, after the application of therapy with an innovative biodegradable propolis-nanofiber dressing [ 119 ]. Paramagnetic centers and changes in free radicals indicate the beneficial effect of the innovative combination of nanofibers with a natural ingredient with a broad spectrum of action, i.e., propolis, on the process of burn regeneration.…”

“…Paramagnetic centers and changes in free radicals indicate the beneficial effect of the innovative combination of nanofibers with a natural ingredient with a broad spectrum of action, i.e., propolis, on the process of burn regeneration. The multifaceted influence of propolis on changes in the pro-oxidative-antioxidant balance, the components of which play a fundamental role in the repair of tissue damage, indicates the high potential of antioxidant compounds, including propolis, in accelerating wound healing, including thermal burns [ 119 ]. The above-mentioned observations confirm our previous research, which showed that the concentration of free radicals in the matrix of wounds treated with propolis was much lower than in the case of wounds treated with a standard drug-silver sulfadiazine, which is associated with the creation of a favorable biochemical environment by propolis supporting the wound healing process [ 52 , 56 ].…”

Bee Venom in Wound Healing

“…The presented molecular mechanisms confirm that bee venom accelerates the wound healing process. In the light of the information presented, it will be justified to conduct research on the possibility of using a regenerative system containing a polymer with bee venom, similarly to the case of a polymer dressing with propolis [ 72 , 73 ]. Further studies are needed to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of treating wounds with bee venom.…”

Biodegradable Electrospun Nonwovens Releasing Propolis as a Promising Dressing Material for Burn Wound Treatment

“…Moreover our recent results of laboratory examinations, of blood samples taken from the experimental animal, regarding the regulatory properties of the mentioned, innovative dressing-strongly influencing the oxidative-antioxidative balance-indicate among others that during the initial phase of burn wound healing, the highest amount of paramagnetic centers in the form of the high-spin Fe 3+ in methemoglobin, and, respectively, the lower amounts of the high-spin Fe 3+ in transferrin were observed; the amount of the high-spin Fe 3+ in methemoglobin blood decreased after 21 days of tissue repair; the amount of the high-spin Fe 3+ in transferrin moderately increased after 21 days of wound management with the use of biodegradable dressing [35]. Furthermore, a favorable effect of innovative biodegradable apitherapeutic dressings on burn regeneration has been proven, as evidenced by changes of blood paramagnetic centers and free radicals, suggesting a pluripotent multifaceted influence of propolis contained in nonwovens on oxidative balance changes [42].…”