The Ethics of Embryonic Stem Cells—Now and Forever, Cells Without End

Juengst, Eric T.; Fossel, Michael

doi:10.1001/jama.284.24.3180

Cited by 44 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Suffice it to say that the argument would need to take on board contemporary findings about the reprogramming of somatic cell nuclei by nuclear transplantation in an oocyte, as evidenced by the very possibility of mammalian cloning (Juengst & Fossel, 2000). The potentiality restored to a somatic cell by nuclear transplantation is not perfect, as evidenced by the anomalies of most born clones, but it does suggest that whatever is usually missing in a somatic cell nucleus to direct the full normal development of a new individual has to do with the incomplete genetic reprogramming that occurs during nuclear transfer as opposed to normal gametogenesis, and not with the lack of some mysterious intrinsic property present only in the zygote nucleus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Embryonic Stem-Cell Debate and the Difficulties of Embryological Kantianism

Mauron

Baertschi

2004

The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy

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As elsewhere, the ethical debate on embryonic stem cell research in Central Europe, especially Germany and Switzerland, involves controversy over the status of the human embryo. There is a distinctive Kantian flavor to the standard arguments however, and we show how they often embody a set of misunderstandings and argumentative shortcuts we term "embryological Kantianism." We also undertake a broader analysis of three arguments typically presented in this debate, especially in official position papers, namely the identity, continuity, and potentiality arguments. It turns out that these arguments do not support the strong, quasipersonal status accorded to the embryos in these official opinions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Embryonic Stem-Cell Debate and the Difficulties of Embryological Kantianism

Mauron

Baertschi

2004

The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy

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“…The advantages of adult neural stem cells are in the lack of ethical concerns associated with their use, their ability to be cultured, their potential for autologous transplantation, and their predetermined tendency to differentiate into cells of the neural lineage [62][63][64][65]. The disadvantages associated with adult neural stem cells are in the limited number of available cells, difficulty in expansion, cell senescence after several passages, paucity of clinical trial data, and their tendency to form tumors [62,66].…”

Section: Sources Of Stem Cells -Advantages Disadvantages and Other mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem Cell Therapy for Brain Tumors

Aleynik

Rameshwar

2015

IJTS

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and lethal brain cancer, prognosis remains bleak with a median survival of about 15 months despite maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, and temozolomide treatment. The difficulty associated with safely and effectively delivering therapeutics across the blood brain barrier (BBB) is a major challenge towards GBM treatment. Ongoing research and clinical trials, including attempts to deliver therapeutics within stem cells present possible solutions. The relationships between brain cancer pathology, stem cell properties, therapeutic advantages and disadvantages of various stem cell types, drug delivery methods, cancer stem cells, gene therapy, anti-cancer vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor therapies, and combination therapies are discussed.

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“…DA-ergic neurons for grafting could theoretically be generated in large quantities from a range of different stem cells including ESCs, fetal NSCs and ASCs that possess different characteristics. However, ethical issues and problems with tissue availability are major obstacles with the use of embryonic and fetal tissue [18], whereas ASCs are associated with reduced differentiation capacity. Hence, in addition to celltype specific properties that need to be considered, the ability for these cell types to produce functional DA-ergic neurons in vitro and to promote therapeutic efficacy in vivo (i.e.…”

Section: Stem Cells As a Source Of Dopaminergic Neurons For Cell-replmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Stem Cells in the Treatment of Parkinsons Disease

Su¹,

Loane²,

Politis³

2011

Insciences J.

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Abstract:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative neurological disorder characterized by the cardinal motor features of tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity. It is associated with the extended loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) resulting in a severe deficiency of DA in the striatum required for motor control. There is currently no cure for PD and the majority of treatments available aim to reverse dopamine deficiency and the relief of the symptoms. Based on promising findings from early trials, the transplantation of stem cells or stem cell derived progenitors has raised the possibility of using cell-based therapy to replace lost cells in the diseased brain. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are highly expandable and pluripotent cells that have the ability to differentiate into all cell types of the human body, including nervous system tissues, meaning that they have the potential to offer a lasting treatment for PD and other neurological diseases. However, possible issues with safety and ethics associated with the use of undifferentiated ESCs in humans have meant that alternative sources of transplantable cells has to be considered. Additionally, another approach is the stimulation of brain repair by endogenous stem cells via external manipulation.In this review, recent advances in stem cell research in PD will be discussed, giving an overview of the various strategies including the use of different stem cell populations for cell replacement and the possible modulation of endogenous stem cells that have the potential to provide effective cell-based therapy in future.

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The Ethics of Embryonic Stem Cells—Now and Forever, Cells Without End

Cited by 44 publications

References 51 publications

The European Embryonic Stem-Cell Debate and the Difficulties of Embryological Kantianism

The European Embryonic Stem-Cell Debate and the Difficulties of Embryological Kantianism

Stem Cell Therapy for Brain Tumors

The Use of Stem Cells in the Treatment of Parkinsons Disease

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