2024
DOI: 10.1177/11206721241237309
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The etiology, diagnostics, and treatment of the spasm of the near reflex - a narrative review

Michalina Szczęśniak,
Ewa Sikorska,
Martyna Rajca
et al.

Abstract: Physiological adaptation of the eye to the visual perception of near objects consists of the “near triad”: convergence, accommodation, and pupil miosis. Normally, these tend to revert when one stops fixating on a near object. Spasm of the near reflex (SNR) is a pathological phenomenon, which manifests itself by the persistence of the above-mentioned adjustments, which prevents the eye from returning to its relaxed state. In this narrative review, we aim to summarize the etiology, diagnostics, treatment, and pr… Show more

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